Relationships support social animals’ health, but maintaining relationships is challenging. When transitioning to parenthood, new parents balance pair-bond maintenance with infant care. We studied pair-bond maintenance via affiliation in 22 adult titi monkey pairs (Plecturocebus cupreus) for 16 months centered around their first offspring's birth. Pair affiliation peaked during pregnancy, decreased across the postpartum period, and rose after reaching minimum affiliation 32.6 weeks postpartum. Pairs in which fathers carry infants more than average had lower affiliation at the infant's birth and return to an increase in affiliation sooner. Parents of infants who were slow to independence had higher rates of affiliation. Titi monkey infants actively prefer their fathers; mothers may avoid their infant-carrying mate, suggesting infants play an active role in parental affiliative decline. Our data supports previous findings that affiliation between partners declines following an infant's birth, but demonstrates new knowledge about the extent and duration of affiliative decline.

中文翻译：

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养育需要时间：在一夫一妻制的灵长类动物（Plecturocebus cupreus）中怀孕和育儿期间夫妻关系维持的变化

人际关系支持群居动物的健康，但维持人际关系具有挑战性。在过渡到为人父母时，新父母会在维持夫妻关系和照顾婴儿之间取得平衡。我们研究了 22 对成年提提猴 ( Plecturocebus cupreus) 16 个月，以他们的第一个后代的出生为中心。夫妻关系在怀孕期间达到顶峰，在产后期间下降，并在产后 32.6 周达到最低关系后上升。父亲携带婴儿多于平均水平的夫妇在婴儿出生时从属关系较低，并且较早恢复从属关系的增加。独立较慢的婴儿的父母有更高的归属率。蒂蒂猴婴儿积极地喜欢他们的父亲；母亲可能会避开带婴儿的伴侣，这表明婴儿在父母亲友关系下降中发挥了积极作用。我们的数据支持先前的研究结果，即婴儿出生后伴侣之间的关系下降，但展示了关于亲和下降的程度和持续时间的新知识。