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On the use of orchards to support soil aquifer treatment systems
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107315
Maayan Grinshpan 1 , Tuvia Turkeltaub 1 , Alex Furman 2 , Eran Raveh 3 , Noam Weisbrod 1
Affiliation  

Soil aquifer treatment (SAT) is a practice used to enhance groundwater storage through intermittent percolation of treated wastewater effluent in designated infiltration basins. Due to proximity to urban regions, land availability for SAT infiltration basins is a limiting factor. Furthermore, with the growing population, SAT systems are faced with an increase in effluent volumes meant for recharge. The present study experimentally explores, for the first time, the feasibility of the short-term flooding of a citrus orchard with secondary effluent, as an alternative for an additional dedicated infiltration area for SAT, namely agricultural soil aquifer treatment (Ag-SAT). Orange trees were planted in two different agricultural setups, on flat soil and atop a ridge. Sporadic intermittent winter flooding experiments, lasting 24 and 48 h, were conducted. Volumetric water content (VWC) and oxidation-reduction conditions were continuously monitored. Concurrently, water samples were collected and analyzed for total organic carbon and nitrogen species, along with leaf health measurements. Results were compared to an adjacent control plot, where no flooding with effluent was applied. Contaminant removal rates under the ridge setup resembled active SAT basins. Moreover, chemical analysis of the water samples and VWC readings demonstrated that higher water quality and faster root zone aeration (following flooding) were obtained under the ridge, which appears to be the better Ag-SAT setup. According to a principal component analysis (PCA), the dissolved oxygen explains 75% of the variability of effluent chemistry under the ridge, illustrating that oxic conditions prevailed in this setup. This study demonstrates that while many other concerns still need to be addressed, using agricultural plots as recharge basins for SAT during the winter appears to be a promising way to supplement recharge basins while having no impact on tree health.



中文翻译:

关于使用果园支持土壤含水层处理系统

土壤含水层处理 (SAT) 是一种用于通过指定渗透盆地中处理过的废水的间歇性渗透来增强地下水储存的做法。由于靠近城市地区,SAT 渗透盆地的土地可用性是一个限制因素。此外,随着人口的增长,SAT 系统面临着用于补给的污水量的增加。本研究首次通过实验探索了用二次污水短期淹没柑橘园的可行性,作为 SAT 的额外专用渗透区的替代方案,即农业土壤含水层处理 (Ag-SAT)。橙树种植在两种不同的农业环境中,平地和山脊上。零星间歇性冬季洪水实验,持续 24 和 48 小时,进行了。连续监测体积含水量 (VWC) 和氧化还原条件。同时,收集水样并分析总有机碳和氮种类,以及叶片健康测量。结果与相邻的对照地块进行了比较,在该地块中没有应用污水淹没。山脊设置下的污染物去除率类似于活跃的 SAT 盆地。此外,水样的化学分析和 VWC 读数表明,在山脊下获得了更高的水质和更快的根区通气(洪水之后),这似乎是更好的 Ag-SAT 设置。根据主成分分析 (PCA),溶解氧解释了山脊下流出物化学变化的 75%,说明在此设置中盛行好氧条件。

更新日期:2021-11-12
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