Marine biofouling has negatively affected human sailing since ancient times. Traditional antifouling coatings were banned worldwide in 2003 due to their toxicity towards nontarget marine organisms. Consequently, the development of sustainable nontoxic antifouling coatings is urgent. Novel and exciting discoveries from nature have inspired us to design high-efficiency, environmentally compatible, and cost-effective antifouling coatings. This review focuses on six major bioinspired antifouling strategies: micro/nanostructured surfaces, natural antifoulants, bioinspired hydrogels, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces, bioinspired dynamic surfaces, and zwitterionic coatings. This review provides insight into antifouling mechanisms, fabrication methods, and critical issues in the development of the six bioinspired antifouling strategies. This review also discusses current problems and future trends of bioinspired antifouling coatings. In practical applications, no single bioinspired antifouling approach can be identified as a universal antifouling strategy. This review introduces the multifunctional bioinspired antifouling strategy—a recent development that may address the existing problems in the single bioinspired strategy. The multifunctional strategy combines the synergistic strengths of multiple antifouling strategies, potentially enhancing the antifouling capabilities and lifespan of the coatings. This review may open a new horizon for the future development of bioinspired marine antifouling coatings.

自古以来，海洋生物污损就对人类航行产生了负面影响。传统的防污涂料由于对非目标海洋生物的毒性，于 2003 年在世界范围内被禁止使用。因此，开发可持续的无毒防污涂料迫在眉睫。来自大自然的新奇和令人兴奋的发现激励我们设计高效、环保且具有成本效益的防污涂料。本综述重点介绍六种主要的仿生防污策略：微/纳米结构表面、天然防污剂、仿生水凝胶、光滑液体注入多孔表面、仿生动态表面和两性离子涂层。本综述提供了对六种仿生防污策略开发中的防污机制、制造方法和关键问题的深入了解。本综述还讨论了仿生防污涂料的当前问题和未来趋势。在实际应用中，没有一种单一的仿生防污方法可以确定为通用的防污策略。这篇综述介绍了多功能仿生防污策略——最近的一项发展，可以解决单一仿生策略中存在的问题。多功能策略结合了多种防污策略的协同优势，有可能提高涂料的防污能力和使用寿命。该综述可能为仿生海洋防污涂料的未来发展开辟新的视野。没有单一的仿生防污方法可以确定为通用的防污策略。这篇综述介绍了多功能仿生防污策略——最近的一项发展，可以解决单一仿生策略中存在的问题。多功能策略结合了多种防污策略的协同优势，有可能提高涂料的防污能力和使用寿命。该综述可能为仿生海洋防污涂料的未来发展开辟新的视野。没有单一的仿生防污方法可以确定为通用的防污策略。这篇综述介绍了多功能仿生防污策略——最近的一项发展，可以解决单一仿生策略中存在的问题。多功能策略结合了多种防污策略的协同优势，有可能提高涂料的防污能力和使用寿命。该综述可能为仿生海洋防污涂料的未来发展开辟新的视野。多功能策略结合了多种防污策略的协同优势，有可能提高涂料的防污能力和使用寿命。该综述可能为仿生海洋防污涂料的未来发展开辟新的视野。多功能策略结合了多种防污策略的协同优势，有可能提高涂料的防污能力和使用寿命。该综述可能为仿生海洋防污涂料的未来发展开辟新的视野。