Known as the “king of fishes,” the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, Salmonidae) is an iconic freshwater species whose contribution to human well-being has long been recognized, as have widespread declines in its abundance, partly due to river regulation. To understand how salmon conservation has been addressed within the ecosystem services (ES) framework, we synthesized the peer-reviewed literature on ES provided by salmon in regulated rivers. We developed a search string to capture allusions to provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural ES and assessed the results to identify knowledge gaps. The effects of hydropower on fisheries catches and on modelled populations were shown in several publications. Overall, few studies focused explicitly on ES from salmon and hydropower; this is surprising given the considerable body of literature on salmon in regulated rivers. Wild salmon as a food source and other provisioning services are less important today than historically. Because predators such as salmon are important for facilitating biodiversity by cycling nutrients and controlling food webs, there is a scope of work for future assessments of these regulating and supporting services. Few papers explicitly addressed cultural ES, despite the salmon's longstanding iconic status; this is a knowledge gap for future ES assessments in relation to hydropower. The influence of ES assessments for policy makers is growing through the Intergovernmental Panel for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) and the post-2020 biodiversity strategy. Explicitly addressing ES poses an opportunity for river managers to raise awareness of aquatic conservation efforts and well-informed decision-making for sustaining ES.

中文翻译：

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受管制河流中的大西洋鲑鱼：通过生态系统服务视角了解河流管理

被称为“鱼中之王”的大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar, Salmonidae) 是一种标志性的淡水物种，其对人类福祉的贡献早已得到认可，其丰度普遍下降，部分原因是河流调节。为了了解如何在生态系统服务 (ES) 框架内解决鲑鱼保护问题，我们综合了受监管河流中鲑鱼提供的关于 ES 的同行评议文献。我们开发了一个搜索字符串来捕捉供应、监管、支持和文化 ES 的典故，并评估结果以识别知识差距。水电对渔业产量和模拟种群的影响在一些出版物中有所体现。总体而言，很少有研究明确关注鲑鱼和水电的 ES；鉴于有大量关于受管制河流中鲑鱼的文献，这令人惊讶。野生鲑鱼作为食物来源和其他供应服务今天不如历史重要。由于鲑鱼等捕食者通过循环养分和控制食物网对促进生物多样性非常重要，因此未来评估这些调节和支持服务有一定的工作范围。尽管鲑鱼具有长期的标志性地位，但很少有论文明确提及文化 ES；这是未来与水电相关的 ES 评估的知识差距。通过政府间生物多样性和生态系统服务小组 (IPBES) 和 2020 年后生物多样性战略，生态系统评估对决策者的影响正在增加。明确解决 ES 为河流管理者提供了一个机会，可以提高对水生保护工作的认识，并为维持 ES 做出明智的决策。