ABSTRACT

Janusz Korczak (1878?–1942), an outstanding Polish pedagogue, theoretician and practitioner, conducted systematic research on the language of children, as evidenced by their verbal statements and the description of nonverbal behaviour included in his pedagogical works. The article presents the results of the analysis of the most important pedagogical text by Janusz Korczak, i.e. How to Love a Child. The Child in a Family (1919) in which he descried how a child communicates with an adult (mainly mother) from birth until reaching adulthood – initially, among others, by shouting, vocalizing and then babbling, single words, and finally utterances, and all this to build a relationship with an adult who often does not understand the child’s speech and is not their ally in the process of communication. The article also discusses the polyphonic nature of the monograph of the great educator, in which the voice was mainly given to the child.

摘要

Janusz Korczak (1878?–1942) 是一位杰出的波兰教育家、理论家和实践者，他对儿童的语言进行了系统的研究，他的教学著作中包括他们的口头陈述和对非语言行为的描述。本文介绍了 Janusz Korczak 对最重要的教学文本的分析结果，即如何爱一个孩子。家庭中的孩子（1919 年）他描述了一个孩子从出生到成年如何与成年人（主要是母亲）交流——最初是通过喊叫、发声、然后是咿呀学语、单个词，最后是话语，所有这些都是为了建立一个与经常听不懂孩子说话的成年人的关系，在沟通过程中也不是他们的盟友。文章还讨论了这位伟大教育家专着的复调性质，其中声音主要是给孩子的。