We study the effects of domestic conflict and external shocks on Spanish trade policy in the interwar period. Our account mobilizes a new granular dataset on exports and imports, and good-country level information on tariffs, trade agreements, and quotas. Into the Depression, the mainstay of policy was the tariff. The establishment of the Second Republic in 1931 was a turning point in policymaking. The new regime initiated bilateral trade negotiations. The Republic’s dilemma was to find countries willing to exchange market access. In a daunting international environment, the Spanish case offers a poignant reminder of the perils of going against the grain.

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反对谷物：两次世界大战期间的西班牙贸易政策

我们研究了两次世界大战期间国内冲突和外部冲击对西班牙贸易政策的影响。我们的帐户动员了一个新的进出口数据集，以及关税、贸易协定和配额的良好国家级信息。进入大萧条时期，政策的支柱是关税。1931 年第二共和国的建立是决策的转折点。新制度启动了双边贸易谈判。共和国的困境是找到愿意交换市场准入的国家。在令人生畏的国际环境中，西班牙的案例令人痛心地提醒人们违背常规的危险。