The phenomenon of ‘legal pluralism’ in India is conditioned and facilitated by the democratic state’s commitment to protect religious freedom and uphold sociocultural diversity. Community-based adjudicating institutions such as the Darul Qaza (also known as Sharia court) function within this constitutional framework but every citizen also has the right to approach a state court as and when they deem necessary. So far, the discourse on Islam, personal law, and the secular state has revolved around parliamentary debates, judicial activism, and legislative changes where the focus has been on the question of Uniform Civil Code (UCC) and gender justice. The discussion on personal law has rarely paid serious academic attention to the complexities of kinship conflicts embedded in affective as well as economic and legal matrix or more importantly how they are resolved. Drawing on an ethnographic study of the jurisprudential practices of Sharia courts in Uttar Pradesh, India, the paper offers a lens to understand how conflict resolution in family matters takes place in a legal plural landscape ensconced between citizenship rights and community practices. We argue that understanding this process also offers important insights on the shifting meaning of secularism1,2 in contemporary India.

中文翻译：

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基于宗教的“个人”法、法律多元主义和世俗性：印度穆斯林属人法下的裁决领域

印度的“法律多元化”现象受到民主国家保护宗教自由和维护社会文化多样性的承诺的制约和促进。以社区为基础的裁决机构，例如 Darul Qaza（也称为伊斯兰教法法院）在这个宪法框架内运作，但每个公民也有权在他们认为必要的时候诉诸州法院。到目前为止，关于伊斯兰教、属人法和世俗国家的讨论一直围绕着议会辩论、司法行动主义和立法变革，其中重点是统一民法典 (UCC) 和性别公正问题。对属人法的讨论很少认真地关注嵌入在情感以及经济和法律矩阵中的亲属冲突的复杂性，或者更重要的是它们是如何解决的。该论文借鉴了对印度北方邦伊斯兰教法院法学实践的民族志研究，提供了一个视角，以了解家庭事务中的冲突解决如何发生在公民权利和社区实践之间的法律多元环境中。我们认为，理解这一过程也为当代印度世俗主义 1、2 意义的转变提供了重要的见解。该论文提供了一个视角，以了解如何在公民权利和社区实践之间的法律多元化环境中解决家庭事务中的冲突。我们认为，理解这一过程也为当代印度世俗主义 1、2 意义的转变提供了重要的见解。该论文提供了一个视角，以了解如何在公民权利和社区实践之间的法律多元化环境中解决家庭事务中的冲突。我们认为，理解这一过程也为当代印度世俗主义 1、2 意义的转变提供了重要的见解。