Atrial arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, may be treated through catheter ablation. The process of atrial arrhythmia catheter ablation, which includes patient selection, pre-procedural planning, intra-procedural guidance, and post-procedural assessment, is typically characterized by the use of several imaging modalities to sequentially inform key clinical decisions. Increasingly, advanced imaging modalities are processed via specialized image analysis techniques and combined with intra-procedural electrical measurements to inform treatment approaches. Here, we review the use of multimodality imaging for left atrial ablation procedures. The article first outlines how imaging modalities are routinely used in the peri-ablation period. We then describe how advanced imaging techniques may inform patient selection for ablation and ablation targets themselves. Ongoing research directions for improving catheter ablation outcomes by using imaging combined with advanced analyses for personalization of ablation targets are discussed, together with approaches for their integration in the standard clinical environment. Finally, we describe future research areas with the potential to improve catheter ablation outcomes.

中文翻译：

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多模态成像在左心房导管消融术中的应用

房性心律失常，包括心房颤动和心房扑动，可以通过导管消融治疗。房性心律失常导管消融的过程包括患者选择、术前计划、术中指导和术后评估，其典型特征是使用多种成像方式依次为关键临床决策提供信息。越来越多的先进成像方式通过专门的图像分析技术进行处理，并与过程中的电测量相结合，为治疗方法提供信息。在这里，我们回顾一下多模态成像在左心房消融手术中的应用。本文首先概述了围消融期间如何常规使用成像方式。然后，我们描述先进的成像技术如何为患者选择消融和消融目标本身提供信息。讨论了通过使用成像与消融目标个性化的先进分析相结合来改善导管消融结果的持续研究方向，以及将其集成到标准临床环境中的方法。最后，我们描述了有可能改善导管消融结果的未来研究领域。