Measuring crustal strain and seismic moment accumulation, is crucial for understanding the growth and distribution of seismic hazards along major fault systems. Here, we develop a methodology to integrate 4.5 years (2015–2019.5) of Sentinel-1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series to achieve 6 to 12-day sampling of surface displacements at ∼500 m spatial resolution over the entire San Andreas fault system. Numerous interesting deformation signals are identified with this product (video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxNLQKmHWpY). We decompose the line-of-sight InSAR displacements into three dimensions by combining the deformation azimuth from a GNSS-derived interseismic fault model. We then construct strain rate maps using a smoothing interpolator with constraints from elasticity. The resulting deformation field reveals a wide array of crustal deformation processes including, on- and off-fault secular and transient tectonic deformation, creep rates on all the major faults, and vertical signals associated with hydrological processes. The strain rate maps show significant off-fault components that were not captured by GNSS-only models. These results are important in assessing the seismic hazard in the region.

中文翻译：

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沿圣安地列斯断层系统的集成 Sentinel-1 InSAR 和 GNSS 时间序列

测量地壳应变和地震矩累积对于了解沿主要断层系统地震灾害的增长和分布至关重要。在这里，我们开发了一种方法来整合 4.5 年（2015-2019.5）的 Sentinel-1 干涉合成孔径雷达 (InSAR) 和连续全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 时间序列，以实现 6 到 12 天的表面位移采样~整个圣安地列斯断层系统的 500 m 空间分辨率。该产品识别出许多有趣的变形信号（视频链接：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SxNLQKmHWpY）。我们通过结合来自 GNSS 衍生的地震间断层模型的变形方位角，将视线 InSAR 位移分解为三个维度。然后，我们使用具有弹性约束的平滑插值器构建应变率图。由此产生的变形场揭示了一系列地壳变形过程，包括断层上和断层外的长期和瞬态构造变形、所有主要断层的蠕变速率以及与水文过程相关的垂直信号。应变率图显示了仅 GNSS 模型未捕获的重要非故障组件。这些结果对于评估该地区的地震危险很重要。应变率图显示了仅 GNSS 模型未捕获的重要非故障组件。这些结果对于评估该地区的地震危险很重要。应变率图显示了仅 GNSS 模型未捕获的重要非故障组件。这些结果对于评估该地区的地震危险很重要。