Quantum technology is an emergent and potentially disruptive discipline, with the ability to affect many human activities. Quantum technologies are dual-use technologies, and as such are of interest to the defence and security industry and military and governmental actors. This report reviews and maps the possible quantum technology military applications, serving as an entry point for international peace and security assessment, ethics research, military and governmental policy, strategy and decision making. Quantum technologies for military applications introduce new capabilities, improving effectiveness and increasing precision, thus leading to ‘quantum warfare’, wherein new military strategies, doctrines, policies and ethics should be established. This report provides a basic overview of quantum technologies under development, also estimating the expected time scale of delivery or the utilisation impact. Particular military applications of quantum technology are described for various warfare domains (e.g. land, air, space, electronic, cyber and underwater warfare and ISTAR—intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance), and related issues and challenges are articulated.

中文翻译：

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用于军事应用的量子技术

量子技术是一门新兴的、具有潜在破坏性的学科，能够影响许多人类活动。量子技术是双重用途技术，因此受到国防和安全行业以及军事和政府行为者的关注。本报告审查并绘制了可能的量子技术军事应用，作为国际和平与安全评估、伦理研究、军事和政府政策、战略和决策的切入点。用于军事应用的量子技术引入了新的能力，提高了效率和精度，从而导致了“量子战争”，其中应该建立新的军事战略、学说、政策和道德。本报告提供了正在开发的量子技术的基本概述，还估计预期的交付时间范围或利用率影响。描述了量子技术在各种战争领域（例如陆地、空中、太空、电子、网络和水下战争以及 ISTAR——情报、监视、目标获取和侦察）的特定军事应用，并阐明了相关问题和挑战。