The present study used perceptual sensitivity (d') to determine the spatial distribution of attention in displays in which participants have learned to suppress a location that is most likely to contain a distractor. Participants had to indicate whether a horizontal or a vertical line, which was shown only briefly before it was masked, was present within a target shape. Critically, the target shape could be accompanied by a singleton distractor color, which when present appeared with a high probability at one display location. The results show that perceptual sensitivity was reduced for locations likely to contain a distractor, as d' was lower for this location than for all other locations in the display. We also found that the presence of an irrelevant color singleton reduced the gain for input at the target location, particularly when the irrelevant singleton was close to the target singleton. We conclude that, through the repeated encounter with a distractor at a particular location, the weights within the attentional priority map are changed such that the perceptual sensitivity for objects presented at that location is reduced relative to all other locations. This reduction of perceptual sensitivity signifies that this location competes less for attention than all other locations.

中文翻译：

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统计干扰学习调节感知敏感性。

本研究使用感知灵敏度 (d') 来确定注意力在显示器中的空间分布，其中参与者已经学会抑制最有可能包含干扰物的位置。参与者必须指出目标形状中是否存在水平线或垂直线，该线仅在被遮盖之前短暂显示。至关重要的是，目标形状可能伴随着单一的干扰颜色，当它出现时，很有可能出现在一个显示位置。结果表明，对于可能包含干扰物的位置，感知灵敏度降低，因为该位置的 d' 低于显示中的所有其他位置。我们还发现，不相关的颜色单例的存在降低了目标位置的输入增益，特别是当不相关的单例接近目标单例时。我们得出的结论是，通过在特定位置反复遇到干扰物，注意力优先级图中的权重会发生变化，使得在该位置呈现的对象的感知灵敏度相对于所有其他位置降低。这种感知敏感性的降低意味着这个位置比所有其他位置争夺注意力的程度要低。