The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented levels of stress to individuals in the U.S. and throughout the world. These high stress levels place individuals at risk for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. The current study applies a control-based model of coping to contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions to promote resilience. Data were collected online from April 22 through July 12, 2020. Data from two samples of U. S. community adults who completed an online battery of standardized questionnaires were combined (N = 709). More than a quarter reported moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms, and more than one-fifth reported moderate to severe levels of anxiety symptoms; symptom levels were higher among adults who reported more COVID-19-related stress. As hypothesized, multiple regression analyses indicated that greater use of primary and secondary control coping was associated with lower symptom levels, whereas greater use of disengagement coping was associated with higher symptom levels, above and beyond the association of stress with symptoms. Race and ethnicity emerged as important moderators of these associations, indicating that what constitutes adaptive coping varies according to characteristics of the individual. Implications for public health policy and clinical practice are discussed.

COVID-19 大流行给美国和全世界的个人带来了前所未有的压力。这些高压力水平使个体面临焦虑、抑郁和其他精神疾病症状的风险。目前的研究应用了一种基于控制的应对模式，以促进基于证据的干预措施的发展，以促进复原力。数据于 2020 年 4 月 22 日至 7 月 12 日在线收集。将来自完成一系列在线标准化问卷的两个美国社区成年人样本的数据合并（N = 709）。超过四分之一的人报告有中度至重度的抑郁症状，超过五分之一的人报告有中度至重度的焦虑症状；报告更多与 COVID-19 相关的压力的成年人的症状水平更高。正如假设的那样，多元回归分析表明，更多地使用初级和二级控制应对与较低的症状水平相关，而更多地使用脱离接触应对与更高的症状水平相关，超过压力与症状的关联。种族和民族成为这些关联的重要调节因素，表明适应性应对的构成因个人特征而异。讨论了对公共卫生政策和临床实践的影响。种族和民族成为这些关联的重要调节因素，表明适应性应对的构成因个人特征而异。讨论了对公共卫生政策和临床实践的影响。种族和民族成为这些关联的重要调节因素，表明适应性应对的构成因个人特征而异。讨论了对公共卫生政策和临床实践的影响。