Interactions within bacterial communities are frequently mediated by the production of antimicrobial agents. Despite the increasing interest in research of new antimicrobials, studies describing antagonistic interactions among cold-adapted microorganisms are still rare. Our study assessed the antimicrobial interactions of 36 Antarctic Pseudomonas spp. and described the genetic background of these interactions in selected strains. The overall bacteriocinogeny was greater compared to mesophilic Pseudomonas non-aeruginosa species. R-type tailocins were detected on transmission electron micrographs in 16 strains (44.4%); phylogenetic analysis of the corresponding gene clusters revealed that the P. prosekii CCM 8878 tailocin was related to the Rp3 group, whereas the tailocin in Pseudomonas sp. CCM 8880 to the Rp4 group. Soluble antimicrobials were produced by eight strains (22.-2%); gene mining found pyocin L homologues in the genomes of P. prosekii CCM 8881 and CCM 8879 and pyocin S9-like homologues in P. prosekii CCM 8881 and Pseudomonas sp. CCM 8880. Analysis of secretomes confirmed the production of all S- and L-type pyocin genes. Our results suggest that bacteriocin-based inhibition plays an important role in interactions among Antarctic soil bacteria, and these native, cold-adapted microorganisms could be a promising source of new antimicrobials.

中文翻译：

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假单胞菌属中 Pyocin 介导的拮抗相互作用。孤立在南极洲詹姆斯罗斯岛

细菌群落内的相互作用通常由抗菌剂的产生介导。尽管人们对新型抗菌剂研究的兴趣日益浓厚，但描述冷适应微生物之间拮抗相互作用的研究仍然很少。我们的研究评估了 36 种南极假单胞菌的抗菌相互作用。并描述了选定菌株中这些相互作用的遗传背景。与嗜温的非铜绿假单胞菌物种相比，总的细菌产生更大。16株（44.4%）在透射电子显微照片中检测到R型tailocins；相应基因簇的系统发育分析表明，P . 普罗谢基CCM 8878 tailocin 与 Rp3 组相关，而Pseudomonas sp。CCM 8880 到 Rp4 组。八种菌株（22.-2%）产生了可溶性抗菌剂；基因挖掘在P的基因组中发现了 pyocin L 同源物。prosekii CCM 8881 和 CCM 8879 以及P中的 pyocin S9 样同源物。prosekii CCM 8881 和Pseudomonas sp。CCM 8880. 分泌组分析证实了所有 S 型和 L 型菌素基因的产生。我们的研究结果表明，基于细菌素的抑制在南极土壤细菌之间的相互作用中起着重要作用，这些天然的、适应寒冷的微生物可能是新抗菌剂的有希望的来源。