New fieldwork and tectonic analysis has been carried out along the Andean morphotectonic frontline between 46°30’ and 47°30′S. The right lateral transtensional Marques–Zeballos Pass fault system (MZPRS) controlled the 800–1200 m uplift of the Andes at 16.1–18.1 Ma. Our data and analysis indicate that there was no lower Miocene contractile event along the Andean morphotectonic frontline. The Main Andean Thrust (MAT), which is deeply rooted in the upper crust is a retroarc thrust dipping 10–15° westward, and provides evidence for major crustal shortening at ~120 Ma. At that time the arc volcanic strata of the Ibañez Fm (148–178 Ma) was transported eastward above the rift volcanic Quemado Fm (144179 Ma), which lies unconformably on the Deseado basement massif.

The geologic records from the fieldwork together with the available data allow us to identify the processes controlling the dynamic evolution of the two main topographic features of the studied Andean segment. (1) Upward convection originating from the subducted South Chile Ridge −1 segment (SCR −1) is dynamically sustaining the high topography of the North Patagonian Icefield (4070 m at the Mt. San Valentin, ~2 km higher than the Southern South Volcanic Zone). This, together with the locus of maximum moisture being at 47°S during glacial events has resulted in producing the two largest glacial lobes of Patagonia. (2) The 180 km long, E–W trending antiformal arch structure of the Mt. Zeballos Ridge (MZR, a hinge zone trending N–S along the MZPRS) straddling the Andes and the Foreland is proposed to be the morphological “twin” of the South American Plate Moho Plateau (SAM MOHO P). The SAM MOHO P controls the location of both the MZPRS and the MZR boundaries location through time. The Patagonia Slab Window and SAM asthenospheric dynamics (upward and corner flows, respectively) and their in–depth interaction appear to control the morphotectonic evolution of the whole studied segment through a powerful feedback loop between tectonics, morphology, and climate, at least for the past 3–4 Myr.

沿 46°30' 和 47°30'S 之间的安第斯地貌构造前线进行了新的实地考察和构造分析。右侧横张的 Marques-Zeballos Pass 断层系统 (MZPRS) 在 16.1-18.1 Ma 控制了安第斯山脉 800-1200 m 的隆起。我们的数据和分析表明，沿安第斯形态构造前线没有中新世下层收缩事件。深深扎根于上地壳的主安第斯逆冲断层 (MAT) 是一个向西倾斜 10-15° 的弧后逆冲断层，为~120 Ma 的地壳主要缩短提供了证据。当时，Ibañez Fm（148-178 Ma）的弧形火山地层在不整合地位于Deseado 基底地块上的裂谷火山Quemado Fm（144179 Ma）上方向东运移。

野外工作的地质记录和可用数据使我们能够确定控制所研究的安第斯段的两个主要地形特征的动态演化的过程。(1) 源自俯冲的南智利海脊 -1 段 (SCR -1) 的向上对流动态维持北巴塔哥尼亚冰原的高地形（圣瓦伦丁山 4070 m，比南南火山高约 2 公里区）。这与冰川事件期间最大水分位于 47°S 的位置一起导致产生了巴塔哥尼亚的两个最大的冰川裂片。(2) 180公里长，E横跨安第斯山脉和前陆的泽巴洛斯山脊（MZR，沿 MZPRS 向 N-S 走向的铰链带）的 W 向反形式拱结构被认为是南美板块莫霍高原 (SAM) 的形态“双胞胎”莫霍P）。SAM MOHO P 随时间控制 MZPRS 和 MZR 边界位置的位置。Patagonia Slab Window 和 SAM 软流圈动力学（分别为向上和角流）及其深度相互作用似乎通过构造、形态和气候之间的强大反馈回路控制整个研究段的形态构造演化，至少对于过去 3-4 Myr。