Purpose

Updated estimates of adolescents' receipt of sex education are needed to monitor trends and potential inequities.

Methods

Using nationally representative data from the 2011–2015 and 2015–2019 National Survey of Family Growth, we use logistic regression to examine changes in the receipt of formal sex education by gender. For 2015–2019, we estimate patterns by gender and race/ethnicity for content, timing, and location of instruction.

Results

Between 2011–2015 and 2015–2019, there were few significant changes in adolescents' receipt of formal sex education. Between these periods, instruction on waiting until marriage to have sex declined (73%–67% female [F.], p = .005; 70%–58% males [M.], p < .001). In both the periods, about half of the adolescents received sex education that meets the minimum standard articulated in national goals. In 2015–2019, there were significant gender differences in the instruction about waiting until marriage to have sex (67% F., 58% M., p < 001) and condom skills (55% F., 60% M., p = .003). Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic males were less likely than non-Hispanic White males to receive formal instruction before the first sex on sexually transmitted infection/HIV, birth control, or where to get birth control. Many adolescents reported religious settings as the sources of instruction about waiting until marriage to have sex (56% F. and 49% M.), but almost none received instruction about birth control from those settings.

Conclusions

Differences in the receipt of sex education, by gender, race/ethnicity, and the location of instruction, leave many adolescents without critical information. Gaps in meeting national objectives indicate the need to expand the provision of sex education.

中文翻译：

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2011-2019 年全国代表性样本中青少年接受性教育的情况

目的

需要更新对青少年接受性教育的估计，以监测趋势和潜在的不平等。

方法

使用来自 2011-2015 年和 2015-2019 年全国家庭成长调查的具有全国代表性的数据，我们使用逻辑回归来检查按性别划分的正规性教育接受情况的变化。对于 2015-2019 年，我们根据性别和种族/民族来估计教学内容、时间和地点的模式。

结果

在 2011-2015 年和 2015-2019 年间，青少年接受正规性教育的情况几乎没有显着变化。在这些时期之间，关于等到结婚才发生性行为的指导有所下降（73%–67% 女性 [F.]，p  = .005；70%–58% 男性 [M.]，p < .001）。在这两个时期，大约一半的青少年接受了符合国家目标中规定的最低标准的性教育。2015-2019 年，关于等到婚后发生性行为的指导（67% F., 58% M., p < 001）和安全套技巧（55% F., 60% M., p = .003)。非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔男性比非西班牙裔白人男性在第一次性行为前接受有关性传播感染/艾滋病毒、节育或在哪里获得节育的正式指导的可能性较小。许多青少年报告说宗教环境是关于等到结婚才发生性行为的指导来源（56% F. 和 49% M.），但几乎没有人从这些环境中接受过有关节育的指导。

结论

接受性教育的性别、种族/民族和教学地点的差异使许多青少年无法获得重要信息。在实现国家目标方面的差距表明需要扩大性教育的提供。