Health inequities disproportionately impact children of color in the United States. Research demonstrates that a diverse physician workforce that reflects the demographic profile of the United States population has been associated with better health outcomes and physicians of color are more likely to work in communities that are medically underserved. Therefore, a key driver to reducing health inequities is recruiting a physician workforce that reflects the racial/ethnic composition of the population. Although efforts on increasing UIM applicants and matriculants into medical school and more recently, graduate medical education (GME) programs have shown some small successes, there has still not been significant change in decades. This narrative review examined the historical trends and current landscape of recruitment in GME to better understand the barriers and facilitators that continue to exist and identify successful interventions that might serve as a model to support recruitment of UIM applicants. There is evidence for racial disparities and bias in traditional residency selection metrics (USMLE, Clerkship Evaluations, MSPE, AOA status, etc.) and a need for more holistic recruitment strategies. Along with implementing new holistic recruitment practices, there is a need for ongoing research and collaboration to study inclusive and equitable learning environments and assessments that will eliminate racial disparities in educational outcomes. Additionally, there must be better longitudinal data utilization and transparency across Electronic Residency Application Services (ERAS) and National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) for accountability and tracking of interventions.

健康不平等对美国有色人种儿童的影响尤为严重。研究表明，反映美国人口人口特征的多元化医师队伍与更好的健康结果相关，有色人种医师更有可能在医疗服务不足的社区工作。因此，减少健康不公平的一个关键驱动因素是招募反映人口种族/民族构成的医生队伍。尽管努力增加 UIM 申请者和预科生进入医学院，最近，研究生医学教育 (GME) 项目取得了一些小成功，但几十年来仍然没有显着变化。这篇叙述性审查检查了 GME 招聘的历史趋势和当前形势，以更好地了解继续存在的障碍和促进因素，并确定可能作为支持 UIM 申请人招聘的模式的成功干预措施。有证据表明传统的居住选择指标（USMLE、见习评估、MSPE、AOA 状态等）存在种族差异和偏见，并且需要更全面的招聘策略。除了实施新的整体招聘实践外，还需要进行持续的研究和合作，研究包容和公平的学习环境和评估，以消除教育成果中的种族差异。此外，