The fear caused by the Covid-19 pandemic is changing our psychology and behavior. This ongoing negative event, imposing restrictions such as home isolation and social distancing, can result in heightened anxiety, depression and a sense of loneliness, with immediate effects on mental health. This study investigates adolescents’ reaction to the pandemic, by analyzing the behavioral mental health trends of depression, anxiety and sense of loneliness, in relation to personality traits. After controlling for demographics and family background, our results reveal strong relationships between several personality traits and psychological health indicators, during the pandemic in Greece. A total of 419 secondary school students (aged 12–18) were administered the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), the Big Five Inventory for measuring personality (BFI) and the Children’s Loneliness Questionnaire (CLS) during two time periods within pandemic. Overall, it appears that depression increased significantly in line with the escalation of the pandemic, while anxiety decreased, with the strongest predictors being the personality variables of extraversion, neuroticism and openness. Surprisingly, the study also revealed that the level of extraversion has a positive effect on changes in anxiety, while a negative one on changes in depression. On the other hand, neuroticism and openness seem to negatively correlate with anxiety changes and positively with depression changes. These findings highlight the importance of considering these variables in addressing individuals’ mental health behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic and elucidate the literature by offering a deeper understanding of the strong relationship between personality, depression and anxiety.

Covid-19 大流行引起的恐惧正在改变我们的心理和行为。这种持续的负面事件会施加诸如居家隔离和社交距离等限制，可能导致焦虑、抑郁和孤独感加剧，对心理健康产生直接影响。本研究通过分析与人格特质相关的抑郁、焦虑和孤独感的行为心理健康趋势，调查青少年对大流行病的反应。在控制了人口统计数据和家庭背景后，我们的结果揭示了在希腊大流行期间，几种人格特质与心理健康指标之间存在密切关系。共有 419 名中学生（12-18 岁）接受了儿童状态特质焦虑量表（STAIC）、儿童抑郁量表（CDI）、在大流行期间的两个时间段内测量人格的大五量表 (BFI) 和儿童孤独问卷 (CLS)。总体而言，抑郁症似乎随着大流行的升级而显着增加，而焦虑症则有所减少，最强的预测因素是外向性、神经质和开放性等人格变量。令人惊讶的是，该研究还表明，外向水平对焦虑的变化有积极影响，而对抑郁的变化则有负面影响。另一方面，神经质和开放性似乎与焦虑变化呈负相关，而与抑郁变化呈正相关。