AIMS Currently there are scarce epidemiological data regarding prevalence, clinical phenotype, and therapy of hypertensive urgencies (HU) and emergencies (HE). The aim of this article was to record the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and management of patients with HU and HE assessed in an emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital. METHODS AND RESULTS The population consisted of patients presenting with HE and HU in the ED (acute increase in systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 180 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥120 mmHg with and without acute target organ damage, respectively). Of the 38 589 patients assessed in the ED during a 12-month period, 353 (0.91%) had HU and HE. There were 256 (72.5%) cases presented as HU and 97 (27.5%) as HE. Primary causes for both HU and HE were stress/anxiety (44.9%), increased salt intake (33.9%), and non-adherence to medication (16.2%). Patients with HU reported mainly dizziness/headache (46.8%) and chest pain (27.4%), whereas those with HE presented dyspnoea (67%), chest pain (30.2%), dizziness/headache (10.3%), and neurological disorders (8.2%). In HE, the underlying associated conditions were pulmonary oedema (58%), acute coronary syndrome (22.6%), and neurological disorders/stroke (7.2%). All HE cases were hospitalized and received intensive healthcare, including dialysis. CONCLUSION This 1-year single-centre registry demonstrates a reasonable prevalence of HU and HE contributing to the high volume of visits to the ED. Stress, increased salt intake and non-adherence were main triggers of HE and HU. Dizziness and headache were the prevalent symptoms of HU patients while heart failure was the most common underlying disease in patients with HE.

中文翻译：

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三级医院急诊心脏病科高血压急症和急症的概况和管理：为期 12 个月的登记。

目的 目前，关于高血压急症 (HU) 和急症 (HE) 的患病率、临床表型和治疗的流行病学数据很少。本文的目的是记录在三级医院急诊科 (ED) 评估的 HU 和 HE 患者的患病率、临床特征和管理。方法和结果 该人群包括在急诊科出现 HE 和 HU 的患者（收缩压 (BP) 急性升高≥180 mmHg 和/或舒张压≥120 mmHg，分别伴有和不伴有急性靶器官损伤）。在 12 个月期间在 ED 评估的 38 589 名患者中，353 名 (0.91%) 患有 HU 和 HE。有 256 例 (72.5%) 病例表现为 HU，97 例 (27.5%) 表现为 HE。HU 和 HE 的主要原因是压力/焦虑 (44.9%)、盐摄入量增加 (33.9%)、和不依从药物（16.2%）。HU 患者主要表现为头晕/头痛（46.8%）和胸痛（27.4%），而 HE 患者主要表现为呼吸困难（67%）、胸痛（30.2%）、头晕/头痛（10.3%）和神经系统疾病。 8.2%）。在 HE 中，潜在的相关疾病是肺水肿 (58%)、急性冠状动脉综合征 (22.6%) 和神经系统疾病/中风 (7.2%)。所有 HE 病例均住院并接受包括透析在内的重症监护。结论 这个为期 1 年的单中心登记表明 HU 和 HE 的合理患病率导致了对 ED 的大量访问。压力、盐摄入量增加和不依从是 HE 和 HU 的主要诱因。