Despite the feminization of the medical workforce, women do not have the same career perspectives as men. In nuclear medicine, little information is available on the sex gap regarding prominent author positions in scientific articles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate recent trends in the sex distribution of first and last authorship of articles published in nuclear medicine journals. Methods: We conducted a bibliometric analysis of first and last author sex of articles published from 2014 to 2020 in 15 nuclear medicine journals. Manuscript title, article type, journal impact factor, date of publication, and first and last name and country of provenance of first and last authors were noted. The Gender API software was used to determine author sex. All statistics were descriptive. Results: Women represented 32.8% of first authors and 19.6% of last authors. Female authorship increased from 28.2% (428 of 1,518 articles) in 2014 to 35.5% (735 of 2,069 articles; relative increase, 72%) in 2020 (P < 0.001) for first authors and from 15.6% (237 of 1,518 articles) in 2014 to 20.5% (424 of 2,069 articles; relative increase, 79%) in 2020 (P < 0.001) for last authors. Parity was forecast for 2035 for first authors and 2052 for last authors. Female authorship increased in Europe for first authors (P = 0.014) and last authors (P < 0.001), in high-ranking journals for first authors (P = 0.004) and last authors (P < 0.001), and in other journal ranks for last authors (P = 0.01). Female first and last authorship rose for original articles (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively) and case reports (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Regarding collaborations, the proportion of articles produced by male first and last authors decreased from 62.2% in 2014 to 52.9% in 2020 in favor of female first and last authors (odds ratio, 1.07; P < 0.001), male first and female last authors (odds ratio, 1.05; P < 0.001), and female first and male last authors (odds ratio, 1.03; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Female first and last authorship in nuclear medicine journals increased substantially from 2014 to 2020, in particular in high-ranking journals, in Europe, and for original articles and case reports. Male-to-male collaborations decreased by 10% in favor of all other collaborations. Parity can be foreseen in a few decades.

尽管医疗劳动力女性化，但女性的职业前景与男性不同。在核医学中，关于科学文章中著名作者职位的性别差距的信息很少。因此，本研究的目的是评估核医学期刊上发表文章的第一作者和最后作者的性别分布的最新趋势。方法：我们对 2014 年至 2020 年在 15 种核医学期刊上发表的文章的第一作者和最后作者性别进行了文献计量分析。注明了手稿标题、文章类型、期刊影响因子、出版日期以及第一作者和最后作者的名字和姓氏以及出处国家/地区。Gender API 软件用于确定作者性别。所有统计数据都是描述性的。结果：女性占第一作者的 32.8% 和最后作者的 19.6%。对于第一作者，女性作者从 2014 年的 28.2%（1,518 篇文章中的 428 篇）增加到 2020 年的 35.5%（2,069 篇文章中的 735 篇；相对增加 72%）（P < 0.001），从 15.6%（1,518 篇文章中的 237 篇）最后一位作者从 2014 年到 2020 年的 20.5%（2,069 篇文章中的 424 篇；相对增加 79%）（P < 0.001）。第一作者预计 2035 年实现平等，最后作者预计 2052 年实现平等。在欧洲，第一作者 ( P = 0.014) 和最后作者 ( P < 0.001) 的女性作者数量增加，第一作者 ( P = 0.004) 和最后作者 ( P< 0.001)，并且在其他期刊排名中最后一位作者 ( P = 0.01)。原创文章（分别为P = 0.02 和P = 0.01）和病例报告（分别为P < 0.001 和P = 0.002）的女性为第一作者和最后作者。关于合作，男性第一作者和最后作者发表的文章比例从 2014 年的 62.2% 下降到 2020 年的 52.9%，有利于女性第一作者和最后作者（优势比，1.07；P < 0.001），男性第一作者和女性最后作者（优势比，1.05；P < 0.001），女性第一作者和男性最后作者（优势比，1.03；P < 0.001）。结论：从 2014 年到 2020 年，核医学期刊的女性第一作者和最后作者大幅增加，尤其是在欧洲的高级期刊以及原创文章和病例报告中。男性对男性的合作减少了 10%，有利于所有其他合作。可以预见在几十年内实现平价。