Background Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and disability, with the burden of disease being disproportionately higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Burn prevention programmes have led to significant reductions in the incidence of burns in high-income countries. However, a previous systematic review published in 2015 highlighted that implementation and evaluation of similar programmes has been limited in LMIC. The objective of this scoping review and narrative synthesis was to summarise and understand the initiatives that have been carried out to reduce burn injuries in LMIC and their effectiveness. Methods We aimed to identify publications that described studies of effectiveness of burn prevention interventions applied to any population within a LMIC and measured burn incidence or burns-related outcomes. Suitable publications were identified from three sources. Firstly, data was extracted from manuscripts identified in the systematic review published by Rybarczyk et al. We then performed a search for manuscripts on burn prevention interventions published between January 2015 and September 2020. Finally, we extracted data from two systematic reviews where burn evidence was not the primary outcome, which were identified by senior authors. A quality assessment and narrative synthesis of included manuscripts were performed. Results In total, 24 manuscripts were identified and categorized according to intervention type. The majority of manuscripts (n = 16) described education-based interventions. Four manuscripts focused on environmental modification interventions and four adopted a mixed-methods approach. All of the education-based initiatives demonstrated improvements in knowledge relating to burn safety or first aid, however few measured the impact of their intervention on burn incidence. Four manuscripts described population-based educational interventions and noted reductions in burn incidence. Only one of the four manuscripts describing environmental modification interventions reported burns as a primary outcome measure, noting a reduction in burn incidence. All mixed-method interventions demonstrated some positive improvements in either burn incidence or burns-related safety practices. Conclusion There is a lack of published literature describing large-scale burn prevention programmes in LMIC that can demonstrate sustained reductions in burn incidence. Population-level, collaborative projects are necessary to drive forward burn prevention through specific environmental or legislative changes and supplementary educational programmes.

中文翻译：

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低收入和中等收入国家的烧伤预防：范围系统评价

背景 烧伤是导致发病率和残疾的主要原因，在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC)，疾病负担高得不成比例。烧伤预防计划已导致高收入国家的烧伤发生率显着降低。然而，2015 年发表的先前系统评价强调，类似计划的实施和评估在中低收入国家受到限制。本次范围审查和叙述性综合的目的是总结和理解为减少中低收入国家烧伤所采取的举措及其有效性。方法 我们的目的是确定描述适用于 LMIC 内任何人群的烧伤预防干预有效性研究的出版物，并测量烧伤发生率或烧伤相关结果。从三个来源确定了合适的出版物。首先，数据是从 Rybarczyk 等人发表的系统评价中确定的手稿中提取的。然后，我们搜索了 2015 年 1 月至 2020 年 9 月期间发表的关于烧伤预防干预的手稿。最后，我们从两篇由资深作者确定的烧伤证据不是主要结果的系统评价中提取了数据。对包含的手稿进行了质量评估和叙述性综合。结果 总共识别出 24 篇手稿，并根据干预类型进行分类。大多数手稿（n = 16）描述了基于教育的干预措施。四份手稿侧重于环境改造干预，四份采用了混合方法。所有以教育为基础的举措都证明了烧伤安全或急救相关知识的改进，但很少有人衡量他们的干预对烧伤发病率的影响。四份手稿描述了基于人群的教育干预措施，并指出烧伤发生率的降低。在描述环境改变干预的四份手稿中，只有一份报告将烧伤作为主要结果指标，并指出烧伤发生率有所降低。所有混合方法干预都显示出烧伤发生率或烧伤相关安全实践的一些积极改善。结论 缺乏描述 LMIC 大规模烧伤预防计划的已发表文献可以证明烧伤发病率持续降低。人口水平，