Purpose

The aim of this study is to compare age-variant 18 health risk factors by constructing longitudinal predictive curves between African-American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) adolescent girls.

Methods

A total of 2,379 girls (51% AA) from ages 9 to 10 were recruited in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. The various health indicators and dietary habits of these girls were assessed annually for 10 years. We model 2nd, 5th, 95th, and 98th percentile values of the health risk factors to compare trajectories between AA and CA adolescents by employing novel kernel smoothing regression and global tests of equality for regression curves. Health risk factors such as dietary fiber, intake of sodium, sugar, and total calories, systolic blood pressure, weight, body fat percentage, and high-density lipoprotein levels were compared.

Results

Trajectories of sugar, sodium, and total calories intake and systolic blood pressure, weight, body fat percentage, and high-density lipoprotein among AA girls were significantly higher than those of CA girls throughout their adolescence.

Conclusions

AA girls exhibit several health risk factors that are significantly higher than those of CA adolescent girls at the 95th and 98th percentile. Interventions may be warranted for the purposes of ensuring access to health risk information as well as a greater ease of access to healthier food choices within the educational food system.

中文翻译：

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美国少女健康风险因素的纵向预测曲线

目的

本研究的目的是通过构建非裔美国人 (AA) 和白种人 (CA) 少女之间的纵向预测曲线来比较年龄变化的 18 种健康风险因素。

方法

国家心肺血液研究所生长与健康研究共招募了 2,379 名 9 至 10 岁的女孩（51% AA）。这些女孩的各种健康指标和饮食习惯每年都会被评估10年。我们对健康风险因素的第 2、第 5、第 95 和第 98 个百分位值进行建模，以通过采用新颖的核平滑回归和回归曲线的全局平等检验来比较 AA 和 CA 青少年之间的轨迹。对膳食纤维、钠、糖和总卡路里的摄入量、收缩压、体重、体脂百分比和高密度脂蛋白水平等健康风险因素进行了比较。

结果

在整个青春期，AA 女孩的糖、钠和总卡路里摄入量以及收缩压、体重、体脂百分比和高密度脂蛋白的轨迹显着高于 CA 女孩。

结论

在第 95 和第 98 个百分位，AA 女孩表现出的几个健康风险因素明显高于 CA 青春期女孩。为了确保获得健康风险信息以及在教育食品系统中更容易获得更健康的食品选择，可能需要采取干预措施。