Over the years since the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community came into force, the EU Courts have regularly been called upon to engage with the ‘dichotomy between restriction of competition by object and restriction by effect’¹ set out in what is now Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This series of cases illustrates, as observed by Advocate General Bobek in Gazdasági Versenyhivatal v Budapest Bank Nyrt (Budapest Bank),² that although the distinction between by object and by effect restrictions is relatively easy to make in theory, its ‘practical operation is nonetheless somewhat more complex’.³ Further that ‘the case-law of the...

中文翻译：

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法院在 Generics (UK) v Competition and Markets Authority 和对象/效果二分法中的判决

自从建立欧洲经济共同体的条约生效以来，欧盟法院经常被要求处理“以对象限制竞争和以效果限制竞争之间的二分法”¹载于现在的《欧盟运作条约》（TFEU）第 101 条。这一系列案例说明，正如 Advocate General Bobek 在Gazdasági Versenyhivatal v Budapest Bank Nyrt（布达佩斯银行）案中所观察到的那样，²虽然按对象限制和按效果限制之间的区别在理论上相对容易，但其“实际操作却有些复杂”。³此外，“……的判例法”