Caution is necessary because vaccines may not have just one effect on the risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) but a dual effect. Vaccination reduces the risk of GBS by decreasing the risk of infection. On the other hand, vaccines also have a direct effect that increases the risk of GBS by producing antibodies that cross-react with antigens of the peripheral nerves.

中文翻译：

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读者反应：COVID-19 疫苗临床试验的安慰剂和主动臂中的格林巴利综合征

谨慎是必要的，因为疫苗对格林-巴利综合征 (GBS) 的风险可能不仅仅是一种影响，而是双重影响。接种疫苗通过降低感染风险来降低 GBS 的风险。另一方面，疫苗也有直接作用，通过产生与周围神经抗原发生交叉反应的抗体来增加 GBS 的风险。