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Tool use behavior in three wild bonobo communities at Kokolopori
American Journal of Primatology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 , DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23342
Liran Samuni 1, 2, 3 , David Lemieux 2 , Alicia Lamb 2, 4 , Daiane Galdino 2 , Martin Surbeck 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Comparative studies on tool technologies in extant primates, especially in our closest living relatives, offer a window into the evolutionary foundations of tool use in hominins. Whereas chimpanzee tool technology is well studied across populations, the scarcity of described tool technology in wild populations of our other closest living relative, the bonobo, is a mystery. Here we provide a first report of the tool use repertoire of the Kokolopori bonobos and describe in detail the use of leaf-umbrellas during rainfall, with the aim to improve our knowledge of bonobo tool use capacity in the wild. The tool use repertoire of the Kokolopori bonobos was most similar to that of the nearby population of Wamba and comprised eight behaviors, none in a foraging context. Further, over a 6-month period we documented 44 instances of leaf-umbrella use by 22 individuals from three communities, suggesting that this behavior is habitual. Most leaf-umbrella tool users were adult females, and we observed a nonadult using a leaf-umbrella on only a single occasion. While the study and theory of tool technologies is often based on the use of tools in foraging tasks, tool use in bonobos typically occurs in nonforaging contexts across populations. Therefore, incorporating both foraging and nonforaging contexts into our theoretical framework is essential if we wish to advance our understanding of the evolutionary trajectories of tool technology in humans.

中文翻译:

Kokolopori 三个野生倭黑猩猩社区的工具使用行为

对现存灵长类动物工具技术的比较研究,特别是在我们最近的亲属中,为了解人类工具使用的进化基础提供了一个窗口。尽管黑猩猩工具技术在人群中得到了很好的研究,但在我们其他最近的现存近亲倭黑猩猩的野生种群中描述的工具技术的稀缺性是一个谜。在这里,我们提供了 Kokolopori 倭黑猩猩工具使用曲目的第一份报告,并详细描述了在降雨期间使用叶伞,旨在提高我们对野外倭黑猩猩工具使用能力的了解。Kokolopori 倭黑猩猩的工具使用曲目与附近的 Wamba 种群最相似,包括八种行为,在觅食环境中没有。更远,在 6 个月的时间里,我们记录了来自三个社区的 22 个人使用叶伞的 44 次实例,表明这种行为是习惯性的。大多数叶伞工具使用者是成年女性,我们观察到一名非成人仅在一次情况下使用叶伞。虽然工具技术的研究和理论通常基于在觅食任务中使用工具,但倭黑猩猩的工具使用通常发生在跨种群的非觅食环境中。因此,如果我们希望加深对人类工具技术进化轨迹的理解,将觅食和非觅食背景纳入我们的理论框架是必不可少的。我们观察到一个非成年人只在一次使用叶伞。虽然工具技术的研究和理论通常基于在觅食任务中使用工具,但倭黑猩猩的工具使用通常发生在跨种群的非觅食环境中。因此,如果我们希望加深对人类工具技术进化轨迹的理解,将觅食和非觅食背景纳入我们的理论框架是必不可少的。我们观察到一个非成年人只在一次使用叶伞。虽然工具技术的研究和理论通常基于在觅食任务中使用工具,但倭黑猩猩的工具使用通常发生在跨种群的非觅食环境中。因此,如果我们希望加深对人类工具技术进化轨迹的理解,将觅食和非觅食背景纳入我们的理论框架是必不可少的。
更新日期:2022-01-03
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