The preparation of membranes with improved treatment efficiency and highly enhanced water permeability remains a distant prospect. Herein, a low-cost hybrid membrane composed of silk nanofibers (SNFs) and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) was successfully prepared for efficient wastewater treatment. The resulting SNFs-ZIF hybrid membrane breaks the treatment efficiency–water permeability trade-off with both parameters remarkably increasing for wastewater treatment. At a water permeability of 354.06 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹, the treatment efficiency of the hybrid membrane for metal ions is close to 100%, and the above operation can be repeated at least 8 times. The water permeability is almost increased by 1–2 orders of magnitude compared with other similar materials. Such remarkably enhanced treatment efficiency and water permeability were attributed to the ability of the SNFs and ZIF to selectively adsorb heavy metal contaminants and the formed hydrophilic interlaced nanochannels in the self-assembly process. Strikingly, the membrane can also be used to recycle palladium (Pd) pollutants by reducing the trapped Pd ions in the membrane at high temperature, leading to the creation of Pd nanoparticles for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate ions with a NO₃⁻–N conversion of 87.56% and N₂ selectivity of 77% in 60 h. This study provides a feasible strategy for fabricating a high-performance ZIF-functionalized bio-membrane with improved treatment efficiency and highly enhanced water permeability for excellent removal of multiple pollutants from water.

中文翻译：

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丝纳米纤维-ZIF 混合膜具有更高的处理效率和高度增强的水渗透性，可出色地去除水中的多种污染物

制备具有提高的处理效率和高度增强的透水性的膜仍然是一个遥远的前景。在此，成功制备了一种由丝纳米纤维 (SNF) 和沸石咪唑酯骨架 (ZIF) 组成的低成本混合膜，用于有效处理废水。由此产生的 SNFs-ZIF 混合膜打破了处理效率 - 水渗透率的权衡，这两个参数在废水处理中都显着增加。水渗透率为 354.06 L m ^-2 h ^-1 bar ^-1，混合膜对金属离子的处理效率接近100%，上述操作至少可重复8次。与其他类似材料相比，透水性几乎提高了 1-2 个数量级。这种显着提高的处理效率和透水性归因于 SNF 和 ZIF 选择性吸附重金属污染物的能力以及在自组装过程中形成的亲水交错纳米通道。引人注目的是，该膜还可以通过在高温下减少膜中捕获的 Pd 离子来回收钯 (Pd) 污染物，从而产生用于电催化还原硝酸根离子的 Pd 纳米颗粒，NO ₃ ^- -N 转化为87.56% 和 N ₂60 小时内的选择性为 77%。该研究为制造高性能 ZIF 功能化生物膜提供了一种可行的策略，该膜具有更高的处理效率和高度增强的透水性，可出色地去除水中的多种污染物。