Pluripotent stem cell–derived hepatocytes differentiated in monolayer culture are known to have more fetal than adult hepatocyte characteristics. If numerous studies tend to show that this immature phenotype might not necessarily be an obstacle to their use in transplantation, other applications such as drug screening, toxicological studies, or bioartificial livers are reliant on hepatocyte functionality and require full differentiation of hepatocytes. New technologies have been used to improve the differentiation process in recent years, usually evaluated by measuring the albumin production and CYP450 activity. Here we used the complex production and most importantly the activity of the coagulation factor IX (FIX) produced by mature hepatocytes to assess the differentiation of hemophilia B (HB) patient’s induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in both monolayer culture and organoids.

中文翻译：

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FIX 凝血活性的体外恢复作为血友病 B iPSC 模型中高功能肝细胞的标志物

已知在单层培养中分化的多能干细胞来源的肝细胞比成体肝细胞具有更多的胎儿特征。如果大量研究倾向于表明这种不成熟的表型不一定是它们在移植中使用的障碍，那么药物筛选、毒理学研究或生物人工肝等其他应用都依赖于肝细胞的功能并需要肝细胞的完全分化。近年来，新技术已被用于改善分化过程，通常通过测量白蛋白产量和 CYP450 活性来评估。