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Critical dynamics and phase transition of a strongly interacting warm spin gas [Physics]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-26 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106400118
Yahel Horowicz 1 , Or Katz 1 , Oren Raz 2 , Ofer Firstenberg 2
Affiliation  

Phase transitions are emergent phenomena where microscopic interactions drive a disordered system into a collectively ordered phase. Near the boundary between two phases, the system can exhibit critical, scale-invariant behavior. Here, we report on a second-order phase transition accompanied by critical behavior in a system of warm cesium spins driven by linearly polarized light. The ordered phase exhibits macroscopic magnetization when the interactions between the spins become dominant. We measure the phase diagram of the system and observe the collective behavior near the phase boundaries, including power-law dependence of the magnetization and divergence of the susceptibility. Out of equilibrium, we observe a critical slowdown of the spin response time by two orders of magnitude, exceeding 5 s near the phase boundary. This work establishes a controlled platform for investigating equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of magnetic phases.



中文翻译:

强相互作用的暖自旋气体的临界动力学和相变 [物理学]

相变是一种新兴现象,其中微观相互作用将无序系统驱动为集体有序相。在两相之间的边界附近,系统可以表现出关键的、尺度不变的行为。在这里,我们报告了由线性偏振光驱动的暖铯自旋系统中伴随着临界行为的二阶相变。当自旋之间的相互作用成为主导时,有序相表现出宏观磁化。我们测量系统的相图并观察相边界附近的集体行为,包括磁化的幂律依赖性和磁化率的发散。失去平衡,我们观察到自旋响应时间的临界减慢了两个数量级,在相界附近超过 5 秒。

更新日期:2021-10-24
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