We explored the effects of ultrahigh-pressure technology and chlorogenic acid on the color stability and structure–activity relationship of malvidin (MV). Experimental conditions were optimized through single-factor experiments and response surface analysis at a pressure of 300 MPa, mass ratio of MV to chlorogenic acid of 1:3.64 (w/w), and time of 5 min. Compared with MV, MV derivatives showed higher stability and in vitro antioxidant activity. X-ray diffraction analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry were conducted to determine the structures of MV derivatives for the first time. Ultrahigh pressure facilitated acylation of chlorogenic acid and MV and produced four new MV derivatives. Analysis of the effect of malvidin-3-O-6-(acrylic acid-(2-hydroxy, 4-carboxy-cyclohexanol) ester)-guaiacol (Mv3ACEC) on ARPE-19 cells exposed to H₂O₂ by RNA transcriptome sequencing showed that Mv3ACEC simultaneously inhibited various inflammatory and apoptotic signal transduction pathways, exerted a synergistic effect, and partly inhibited cell apoptosis through the MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, the results show that ultrahigh pressure will cause acylation of chlorogenic acid and MV to produce four new MV derivatives, and MV derivatives protect ARPE-19 cells from H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress.

中文翻译：

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超高压促进 Malvidin 和绿原酸的酰化，以增加 Malvidin 衍生物对 H2O2 诱导的 ARPE-19 细胞的稳定性和保护作用

我们探讨了超高压技术和绿原酸对锦葵素 (MV) 颜色稳定性和构效关系的影响。通过单因素实验和响应面分析优化实验条件，压力为300 MPa，MV与绿原酸的质量比为1:3.64（w/w），时间为5 min。与MV相比，MV衍生物表现出更高的稳定性和体外抗氧化活性。首次通过X射线衍射分析、紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、高效液相色谱和质谱等方法确定了MV衍生物的结构。超高压促进了绿原酸和MV的酰化并产生了四种新的MV衍生物。Malvidin-3- O的作用分析-6-(丙烯酸-(2-羟基，4-羧基-环己醇)酯)-愈创木酚 (Mv3ACEC) 在暴露于 H ₂ O ₂的ARPE-19 细胞上通过 RNA 转录组测序表明 Mv3ACEC 同时抑制各种炎症和凋亡信号转导通路发挥协同作用，并通过 MAPK 信号通路部分抑制细胞凋亡。因此，结果表明，超高压将导致绿原酸和MV酰化产生四种新的MV衍生物，而MV衍生物保护ARPE-19细胞免受H ₂ O ₂诱导的氧化应激。