Disrupted hippocampal performance underlies psychiatric comorbidities and cognitive impairment in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. To understand the contribution of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Frontotemporal dementia, we studied post-mortem human samples. We found that adult-born dentate granule cells showed abnormal morphological development and changes in the expression of differentiation markers. The ratio of quiescent to proliferating hippocampal neural stem cells was shifted and the homeostasis of the neurogenic niche, altered. Aging and neurodegenerative diseases reduced the phagocytic capacity of microglia, triggered astrogliosis, and altered the microvasculature of the dentate gyrus. Thus, enhanced vulnerability of AHN to neurodegeneration might underlie hippocampal dysfunction during physiological and pathological aging in humans.

中文翻译：

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神经退行性疾病对成人海马神经发生的影响

海马功能障碍是神经退行性疾病患者精神疾病和认知障碍的基础。为了了解成人海马神经发生 (AHN) 对肌萎缩侧索硬化症、亨廷顿病、帕金森病、路易体痴呆和额颞叶痴呆的贡献，我们研究了验尸人体样本。我们发现成年出生的齿状颗粒细胞表现出异常的形态发育和分化标志物的表达变化。静止的海马神经干细胞与增殖的海马神经干细胞的比例发生了变化，神经源性生态位的稳态也发生了变化。衰老和神经退行性疾病降低了小胶质细胞的吞噬能力，​​引发了星形胶质细胞增生，并改变了齿状回的微血管系统。因此，