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THUMPD3–TRMT112 is a m2G methyltransferase working on a broad range of tRNA substrates
Nucleic Acids Research ( IF 14.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-08 , DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab927
Wen-Qing Yang 1 , Qing-Ping Xiong 2 , Jian-Yang Ge 1 , Hao Li 1 , Wen-Yu Zhu 1 , Yan Nie 3 , Xiuying Lin 4 , Daizhu Lv 5 , Jing Li 1 , Huan Lin 4 , Ru-Juan Liu 1
Affiliation  

Post-transcriptional modifications affect tRNA biology and are closely associated with human diseases. However, progress on the functional analysis of tRNA modifications in metazoans has been slow because of the difficulty in identifying modifying enzymes. For example, the biogenesis and function of the prevalent N2-methylguanosine (m2G) at the sixth position of tRNAs in eukaryotes has long remained enigmatic. Herein, using a reverse genetics approach coupled with RNA-mass spectrometry, we identified that THUMP domain-containing protein 3 (THUMPD3) is responsible for tRNA: m2G6 formation in human cells. However, THUMPD3 alone could not modify tRNAs. Instead, multifunctional methyltransferase subunit TRM112-like protein (TRMT112) interacts with THUMPD3 to activate its methyltransferase activity. In the in vitro enzymatic assay system, THUMPD3–TRMT112 could methylate all the 26 tested G6-containing human cytoplasmic tRNAs by recognizing the characteristic 3′-CCA of mature tRNAs. We also showed that m2G7 of tRNATrp was introduced by THUMPD3–TRMT112. Furthermore, THUMPD3 is widely expressed in mouse tissues, with an extremely high level in the testis. THUMPD3-knockout cells exhibited impaired global protein synthesis and reduced growth. Our data highlight the significance of the tRNA: m2G6/7 modification and pave a way for further studies of the role of m2G in sperm tRNA derived fragments.

中文翻译:

THUMPD3–TRMT112 是一种 m2G 甲基转移酶,作用于广泛的 tRNA 底物

转录后修饰影响 tRNA 生物学并与人类疾病密切相关。然而,由于难以识别修饰酶,后生动物中 tRNA 修饰的功能分析进展缓慢。例如,在真核生物 tRNA 的第六位上流行的 N2-甲基鸟苷 (m2G) 的生物发生和功能长期以来一直是个谜。在此,我们使用反向遗传学方法与 RNA 质谱法相结合,发现含有 THUMP 结构域的蛋白质 3 (THUMPD3) 负责人类细胞中 tRNA: m2G6 的形成。然而,单独的 THUMPD3 不能修改 tRNA。相反,多功能甲基转移酶亚基 TRM112 样蛋白 (TRMT112) 与 THUMPD3 相互作用以激活其甲基转移酶活性。在体外酶测定系统中,THUMPD3–TRMT112 可以通过识别成熟 tRNA 的特征性 3'-CCA 来甲基化所有 26 个测试过的含有 G6 的人细胞质 tRNA。我们还发现 tRNATrp 的 m2G7 是由 THUMPD3–TRMT112 引入的。此外,THUMPD3在小鼠组织中广泛表达,在睾丸中含量极高。THUMPD3 敲除细胞表现出全球蛋白质合成受损和生长减少。我们的数据突出了 tRNA:m2G6/7 修饰的重要性,并为进一步研究 m2G 在精子 tRNA 衍生片段中的作用铺平了道路。在睾丸中含量极高。THUMPD3 敲除细胞表现出全球蛋白质合成受损和生长减少。我们的数据突出了 tRNA:m2G6/7 修饰的重要性,并为进一步研究 m2G 在精子 tRNA 衍生片段中的作用铺平了道路。在睾丸中含量极高。THUMPD3 敲除细胞表现出全球蛋白质合成受损和生长减少。我们的数据突出了 tRNA:m2G6/7 修饰的重要性,并为进一步研究 m2G 在精子 tRNA 衍生片段中的作用铺平了道路。
更新日期:2021-10-08
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