Recent transcriptomic, histological and functional studies have begun to shine light on the fibroblasts present in the meninges, choroid plexus and perivascular spaces of the brain and spinal cord. Although the origins and functions of CNS fibroblasts are still being described, it is clear that they represent a distinct cell population, or populations, that have likely been confused with other cell types on the basis of the expression of overlapping cellular markers. Recent work has revealed that fibroblasts play crucial roles in fibrotic scar formation in the CNS after injury and inflammation, which have also been attributed to other perivascular cell types such as pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this Review, we describe the current knowledge of the location and identity of CNS perivascular cell types, with a particular focus on CNS fibroblasts, including their origin, subtypes, roles in health and disease, and future areas for study.

最近的转录组学、组织学和功能研究已经开始揭示存在于脑和脊髓的脑膜、脉络丛和血管周围空间中的成纤维细胞。尽管中枢神经系统成纤维细胞的起源和功能仍在描述中，但很明显它们代表了一个或多个不同的细胞群，根据重叠细胞标记的表达，它们可能与其他细胞类型相混淆。最近的研究表明，成纤维细胞在损伤和炎症后中枢神经系统的纤维化瘢痕形成中起着至关重要的作用，这也归因于其他血管周围细胞类型，如周细胞和血管平滑肌细胞。在这篇综述中，我们描述了当前关于 CNS 血管周围细胞类型的位置和特性的知识，