This work studies the extraction and purification of a novel arabinogalactan from pistachio external hull. It was extracted with a simple method from pistachio hull which is considered as unexploited waste. Based on the results of sugar analysis by GC-FID, glycosidic linkage by GC-MS, NMR spectroscopy, and molecular weight by Size Exclusion Chromatography, pistachio hull water soluble polysaccharides (PHWSP) were identified as a type II arabinogalactan (AG), with characteristic terminally linked α-Araf, (α1→5)-Araf, (α1→3,5)-Araf, terminally linked β-Galp, (β1→6)-Galp, and (β1→3,6)-Galp. DEPT-135, HSQC, HMBC and COSY NMR data suggested the presence of (β1→3)-Galp mainly branched at O-6 with (β1→6)-Galp chains, α-Araf chains, and terminally linked α-Araf. These AG from pistachio external hulls showed in vitro stimulatory activity for B cells, suggesting their possible use as an immunological stimulant in nutraceutical and biomedical applications.

这项工作研究了从开心果外壳中提取和纯化一种新型阿拉伯半乳聚糖。它是用一种简单的方法从开心果壳中提取的，开心果壳被认为是未开发的废物。根据 GC-FID 的糖分析结果、GC-MS 的糖苷键、核磁共振光谱和尺寸排阻色谱的分子量，开心果壳水溶性多糖 (PHWSP) 被鉴定为 II 型阿拉伯半乳聚糖 (AG)，具有特征末端连接的α-Ara f、(α1→5)-Ara f、(α1→3,5)-Ara f、末端连接的β-Gal p、(β1→6)-Gal p和(β1→3， 6)-Gal p。DEPT-135、HSQC、HMBC 和 COZY NMR 数据表明 (β1→3)-Gal p 的存在主要在 O-6 处用 (β1→6)-Gal p链、α-Ara f链和末端连接的 α-Ara f分支。这些来自开心果外壳的 AG 显示出对 B 细胞的体外刺激活性，表明它们可能在营养食品和生物医学应用中用作免疫刺激剂。