The ever-growing market of electric vehicles and the upcoming grid-scale storage systems have stimulated the fast growth of renewable energy storage technologies. Aluminum-based batteries are considered one of the most promising alternatives to complement or possibly replace the current lithium-ion batteries owing to their high specific capacity, good safety, low cost, light weight, and abundant reserves of Al. However, the anode problems in primary and secondary Al batteries, such as, self-corrosion, passive film, and volume expansion, severely limit the batteries’ practical performance, thus hindering their commercialization. Herein, an overview of the currently emerged Al-based batteries is provided, that primarily focus on the recent research progress for Al anodes in both primary and rechargeable systems. The anode reaction mechanisms and problems in various Al-based batteries are discussed, and various strategies to overcome the challenges of Al anodes, including surface oxidation, self-corrosion, volume expansion, and dendrite growth, are systematically summarized. Finally, future research perspectives toward advanced Al batteries with higher performance and better safety are presented.

中文翻译：

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高性能铝基电池低成本铝阳极的挑战与策略

不断增长的电动汽车市场和即将到来的电网规模存储系统刺激了可再生能源存储技术的快速增长。铝基电池具有比容量高、安全性好、成本低、重量轻、铝储量丰富等优点，被认为是补充或可能替代当前锂离子电池的最有希望的替代品之一。然而，一次和二次铝电池的负极问题，如自腐蚀、钝化膜和体积膨胀等，严重限制了电池的实际性能，从而阻碍了其商业化。本文概述了目前出现的铝基电池，主要集中在一次和可充电系统中铝阳极的最新研究进展。讨论了各种铝基电池的阳极反应机理和问题，系统总结了克服铝阳极挑战的各种策略，包括表面氧化、自腐蚀、体积膨胀和枝晶生长。最后，提出了具有更高性能和更好安全性的先进铝电池的未来研究前景。