Hard carbons (HCs) are a significantly promising anode material for alkali metal-ion batteries. However, long calcination time and much energy consumption are required for the traditional fabrication way, resulting in an obstacle for high-throughput synthesis and structure regulation of HCs. Herein, we report an emerging sintering method to rapidly fabricate HCs from different carbon precursors at an ultrafast heating rate (300 to 500 °C min⁻¹) under one minute by a multifield-regulated spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology. HCs prepared via the SPS possess significantly fewer defects, lower porosity, and less oxygen content than those pyrolyzed in traditional sintering ways. The molecular dynamics simulations are employed to elucidate the mechanism of the remarkably accelerated pyrolysis from the quickly increased carbon sp² content under the multifield effect. As a proof of concept, the SPS-derived HC exhibits an improved initial Coulombic efficiency (88.9%), a larger reversible capacity (299.4 mAh⋅g⁻¹), and remarkably enhanced rate capacities (136.6 mAh⋅g⁻¹ at 5 A⋅g⁻¹) than anode materials derived from a traditional route for Na-ion batteries.

硬碳（HCs）是一种非常有前景的碱金属离子电池负极材料。然而，传统的制备方法需要较长的煅烧时间和大量的能量消耗，给HCs的高通量合成和结构调控带来了障碍。在此，我们报告了一种新兴的烧结方法，可以以超快的加热速率（300 至 500 °C min ^{-1 ）从不同的碳前体快速制造 HC。}) 通过多场调节放电等离子烧结 (SPS) 技术在一分钟内完成。通过 SPS 制备的 HC 与传统烧结方式热解的 HC 相比，具有明显更少的缺陷、更低的孔隙率和更少的氧含量。分子动力学模拟用于阐明在多场效应下快速增加的碳sp ^{2含量显着加速热解的机制。}作为概念验证，SPS 衍生的 HC 表现出改进的初始库仑效率 (88.9%)、更大的可逆容量 (299.4 mAh·g ^-1 ) 和显着提高的倍率容量 (136.6 mAh·g ^-1 at 5 A ⋅g ^-1 ) 比源自钠离子电池传统路线的负极材料。