Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have significant ecological and economic impact at local and regional scales. Consequently, there is a pressing need to map the fine-scale temporal and spatial patterns of MHWs, for both historical and near real-time events. Satellite remote sensing of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) provides fundamental data for the mapping of MHWs. This study used high-resolution Himawari-8 SST and the Sea Surface Temperature Atlas of the Australian Regional Seas (SSTAARS) data, which have a spatial resolution of ~2 km, to map recent and near real-time MHW events in waters around Australasia. The high-resolution MHWs mapping identified two broad areas of MHW hotspots that occurred between August 2015 and February 2019. The Tropical Warm Pool region (including the Great Barrier Reef and part of the Coral Sea) was affected by strong and prolonged MHW conditions for the greater part of 2016. The unusually strong 2015–16 El Niño event was believed to be the primary underlying driver for the MHWs, and the air-sea heat flux was likely the key local process controlling the heat budget. The south-east of the study area (including Australia's south-east coast, the Tasman Sea and New Zealand's east coast) suffered severe MHWs in 2015–16, 2017–18 and 2018–19. The 2015–16 summer Bass Strait and East Tasmania MHW event was likely due to the anomalous heat transported by the East Australia Current. The air-sea heat flux, however, was likely an important local driver for the MHW events in the Tasman Sea during the 2016 autumn, the 2017–18 summer and the 2018–19 summer. The anomalous heat flux into ocean was attributed to potential underlying climate drivers including ENSO teleconnections, positive SAM and their interaction. This mapping has not only enhanced our understanding of the spatio-temporal characteristics of several previously documented MHWs, but also identified and mapped several previously undocumented MHWs. Two case studies in the Beagle Marine Park located in north-eastern Bass Strait and the Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs situated ~550 km east of the Australian coast within the Lord Howe Marine Park proved the value of Himawari-8 SST and SSTAARS data in mapping fine details of MHWs in a small area, which could not be captured by the broad-scale DOISST data. During the 2017–18 summer event, the case studies revealed much stronger MHW influence in the shallow waters east of the Beagle Marine Park where most of the important rocky reef habitats exist. During the same event, the case studies also confirmed more severe MHW impact on the Elizabeth Reef than the Middleton Reef which resulted in bleaching to selective coral species on the Elizabeth Reef. The near-real time MHWs mapping showed that both the GBR and the Coral Sea marine parks were experiencing MHW conditions in early March 2020, with most affected areas having strong MHW class.

海洋热浪 (MHW) 在地方和区域范围内具有显着的生态和经济影响。因此，迫切需要为历史事件和近实时事件绘制 MHW 的精细时间和空间模式。海面温度 (SST) 的卫星遥感为 MHW 的测绘提供了基础数据。本研究使用高分辨率 Himawari-8 SST 和空间分辨率约为 2 公里的澳大利亚区域海洋海面温度图集 (SSTAARS) 数据，绘制了澳大利亚周围水域最近和近实时的 MHW 事件图. 高分辨率 MHW 映射确定了 2015 年 8 月至 2019 年 2 月之间发生的两个广泛的 MHW 热点区域。热带暖池区（包括大堡礁和部分珊瑚海）在 2016 年的大部分时间都受到强烈且持续的 MHW 条件的影响。 2015-16 年异常强烈的厄尔尼诺事件被认为是主要的潜在驱动因素对于 MHW，海气热通量可能是控制热量收支的关键局部过程。研究区的东南部（包括澳大利亚东南海岸、塔斯曼海和新西兰东海岸）在 2015-16、2017-18 和 2018-19 年遭受了严重的 MHW。2015-16 夏季巴斯海峡和东塔斯马尼亚 MHW 事件很可能是由于东澳大利亚洋流输送的异常热量。然而，海气热通量可能是 2016 年秋季、2017-18 年夏季和 2018-19 年夏季塔斯曼海 MHW 事件的重要局部驱动因素。进入海洋的异常热通量归因于潜在的潜在气候驱动因素，包括 ENSO 遥相关、正 SAM 及其相互作用。这种映射不仅增强了我们对几个先前记录的 MHW 的时空特征的理解，而且还识别并映射了几个以前未记录的 MHW。位于巴斯海峡东北部的比格尔海洋公园和位于豪勋爵海洋公园内澳大利亚海岸以东约 550 公里的伊丽莎白和米德尔顿礁的两个案例研究证明了 Himawari-8 SST 和 SSTAARS 数据在精细绘图中的价值大范围 DOISST 数据无法捕捉到的小区域内 MHW 的详细信息。在 2017-18 夏季赛事期间，案例研究表明，在比格尔海洋公园以东的浅水区，MHW 的影响要大得多，那里大部分重要的岩礁栖息地都存在。在同一事件中，案例研究还证实了对伊丽莎白礁的 MHW 影响比米德尔顿礁更严重，导致伊丽莎白礁上的选择性珊瑚物种白化。近实时的 MHW 测绘显示，GBR 和珊瑚海海洋公园在 2020 年 3 月上旬都经历了 MHW 状况，大多数受影响的地区都具有很强的 MHW 等级。