While there are physiologic differences in lipid metabolism in men and women, pharmacologic therapy is very effective in both with similar management strategies recommended in the current guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia. Despite similar guidelines for treatment, studies have shown that women have worse control of dyslipidemia than their male counterparts. This may stem from multiple contributing factors including underestimation of cardiovascular disease risk in women, decreased prescription and utilization of lipid-lowering therapies, decreased medication adherence, and higher risk of statin intolerance, all of which may contribute to lower attainment of lipid targets. Furthermore, heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in women, with heart disease noted an average of 7–10 years later than in men. This has historically led to the misperception that women are protected from heart disease and can be treated less aggressively. In fact, traditional risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease often impact risk in women to a greater extent than they do in men. Unique risk factors such as pregnancy-related disorders also contribute to the level of risk and therefore warrant consideration in risk stratification. This review summarizes the efficacy of contemporary lipid-lowering therapies in women versus men and discusses the challenges that arise with lipid management in women along with potential ways to tackle these obstacles.

虽然男性和女性的脂质代谢存在生理差异，但药物治疗对两者都非常有效，目前的血脂异常管理指南中推荐了类似的管理策略。尽管有类似的治疗指南，但研究表明，女性对血脂异常的控制比男性更差。这可能源于多种因素，包括对女性心血管疾病风险的低估、降脂疗法的处方和使用减少、药物依从性降低以及他汀类药物不耐受的风险增加，所有这些都可能导致血脂目标的降低。此外，心脏病是女性死亡的主要原因，心脏病发病时间平均比男性晚 7-10 年。从历史上看，这导致了一种误解，即女性可以免受心脏病的侵害，并且可以接受较不积极的治疗。事实上，动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的传统危险因素通常对女性的风险影响比对男性的影响更大。妊娠相关疾病等独特的风险因素也会影响风险水平，因此需要在风险分层中予以考虑。这篇综述总结了现代降脂疗法在女性和男性中的疗效，并讨论了女性脂质管理所面临的挑战以及解决这些障碍的潜在方法。动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的传统风险因素通常对女性的风险影响比对男性的影响更大。妊娠相关疾病等独特的风险因素也会影响风险水平，因此需要在风险分层中予以考虑。这篇综述总结了现代降脂疗法在女性和男性中的疗效，并讨论了女性脂质管理所面临的挑战以及解决这些障碍的潜在方法。动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的传统风险因素通常对女性的风险影响比对男性的影响更大。妊娠相关疾病等独特的风险因素也会影响风险水平，因此需要在风险分层中予以考虑。这篇综述总结了现代降脂疗法在女性和男性中的疗效，并讨论了女性脂质管理所面临的挑战以及解决这些障碍的潜在方法。