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Model responses to CO2 and warming are underestimated without explicit representation of Arctic small-mammal grazing
Ecological Applications ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-17 , DOI: 10.1002/eap.2478
Edward B Rastetter 1 , Kevin L Griffin 2, 3, 4 , Rebecca J Rowe 5 , Laura Gough 6 , Jennie R McLaren 7 , Natalie T Boelman 4
Affiliation  

We use a simple model of coupled carbon and nitrogen cycles in terrestrial ecosystems to examine how “explicitly representing grazers” vs. “having grazer effects implicitly aggregated in with other biogeochemical processes in the model” alters predicted responses to elevated carbon dioxide and warming. The aggregated approach can affect model predictions because grazer-mediated processes can respond differently to changes in climate compared with the processes with which they are typically aggregated. We use small-mammal grazers in a tundra as an example and find that the typical three-to-four-year cycling frequency is too fast for the effects of cycle peaks and troughs to be fully manifested in the ecosystem biogeochemistry. We conclude that implicitly aggregating the effects of small-mammal grazers with other processes results in an underestimation of ecosystem response to climate change, relative to estimations in which the grazer effects are explicitly represented. The magnitude of this underestimation increases with grazer density. We therefore recommend that grazing effects be incorporated explicitly when applying models of ecosystem response to global change.

中文翻译:

在没有明确表示北极小型哺乳动物放牧的情况下,模型对二氧化碳和变暖的反应被低估了

我们使用陆地生态系统中耦合碳和氮循环的简单模型来检查“明确表示食草动物”与“在模型中隐含地与其他生物地球化学过程相结合的食草动物效应”如何改变对二氧化碳升高和变暖的预测响应。聚合方法可能会影响模型预测,因为与它们通常聚合的过程相比,食草动物介导的过程对气候变化的反应可能不同。我们以苔原中的小型哺乳动物食草动物为例,发现典型的三到四年循环频率太快,以至于循环峰谷的影响无法在生态系统生物地球化学中充分体现。我们得出的结论是,相对于明确表示食草动物影响的估计,将小型哺乳动物食草动物的影响与其他过程隐式汇总会导致对生态系统对气候变化的响应的低估。这种低估的程度随着食草动物的密度而增加。因此,我们建议在将生态系统响应模型应用于全球变化时明确纳入放牧效应。
更新日期:2021-10-17
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