The thermally stable drilling fluid is the need of the oil and gas industry. The impetus for producing appropriate drilling fluid lies in the addition of novel polymeric additives. The addition of polymer improves the filtration and rheological properties of the drilling fluid. Poly(4-styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (PSSM), a low-molecular-weight polymer, exhibited filtration and rheological control in the water-based drilling fluid system containing bentonite and hydroxyethyl cellulose. The polymer was characterized using a thermogravimetric technique and found to be stable up to 250°C. The optimum concentration for PSSM is 1.0 w/v% as fluid loss from the drilling fluid reduced by ~63% on addition of 1.0 w/v% PSSM and by ~75% on addition of 2.0 w/v% PSSM. The addition of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to the PSSM-induced drilling fluid further improved the rheological and filtration properties at elevated temperature. The thermal aging studies confirm the stability of the drilling mud up to 110°C in the presence of NPs. The addition of PSSM and NPs significantly improved the mud performance due to PSSM interactions with NPs and other mud additives even at high temperatures which suggests the applicability of these mud formulations for challenging high-temperature wells.

中文翻译：

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低分子量聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸-共-马来酸）钠盐对纳米颗粒增强钻井液过滤和流变参数的影响

热稳定钻井液是石油和天然气工业的需要。生产合适钻井液的动力在于添加新型聚合物添加剂。聚合物的添加改善了钻井液的过滤和流变性能。聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸-共-马来酸）钠盐（PSSM）是一种低分子量聚合物，在含有膨润土和羟乙基纤维素的水基钻井液体系中表现出过滤和流变控制。该聚合物使用热重技术进行了表征，发现在高达 250°C 时仍保持稳定。PSSM 的最佳浓度为 1.0 w/v%，因为添加 1.0 w/v% PSSM 时钻井液的滤失量减少了约 63%，添加 2.0 w/v% PSSM 时减少了约 75%。在 PSSM 诱导的钻井液中添加 CuO 和 ZnO 纳米颗粒 (NPs) 进一步改善了高温下的流变和过滤性能。热老化研究证实了在 NPs 存在下钻井泥浆在高达 110°C 的稳定性。由于 PSSM 与 NPs 和其他泥浆添加剂的相互作用，即使在高温下，添加 PSSM 和 NPs 也显着改善了泥浆性能，这表明这些泥浆配方适用于具有挑战性的高温井。