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A first investigation of hydrogeology and hydrogeophysics of the Maqu catchment in the Yellow River source region
Earth System Science Data ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-15 , DOI: 10.5194/essd-13-4727-2021
Mengna Li , Yijian Zeng , Maciek W. Lubczynski , Jean Roy , Lianyu Yu , Hui Qian , Zhenyu Li , Jie Chen , Lei Han , Han Zheng , Tom Veldkamp , Jeroen M. Schoorl , Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen , Kai Hou , Qiying Zhang , Panpan Xu , Fan Li , Kai Lu , Yulin Li , Zhongbo Su

The Tibetan Plateau is the source of most of Asia's major rivers and has been called the Asian Water Tower. Detailed knowledge of its hydrogeology is paramount to enable the understanding of groundwater dynamics, which plays a vital role in headwater areas like the Tibetan Plateau. Nevertheless, due to its remoteness and the harsh environment, there is a lack of field survey data to investigate its hydrogeology. In this study, borehole core lithology analysis, soil thickness measurement, an altitude survey, hydrogeological surveys, and hydrogeophysical surveys (e.g. magnetic resonance sounding – MRS, electrical resistivity tomography – ERT, and transient electromagnetic – TEM) were conducted in the Maqu catchment within the Yellow River source region (YRSR). The hydrogeological surveys reveal that groundwater flows from the west to the east, recharging the Yellow River. The hydraulic conductivity ranges from 0.2 to 12.4 m d−1. The MRS sounding results, i.e. water content and hydraulic conductivity, confirmed the presence of an unconfined aquifer in the flat eastern area. Based on TEM results, the depth of the Yellow River deposits was derived at several places in the flat eastern area, ranging from 50 to 208 m. The soil thickness measurements were done in the western mountainous area of the catchment, where hydrogeophysical and hydrogeological surveys were difficult to be carried out. The results indicate that most soil thicknesses, except on the valley floor, are within 1.2 m in the western mountainous area of the catchment, and the soil thickness decreases as the slope increases. These survey data and results can contribute to integrated hydrological modelling and water cycle analysis to improve a full-picture understanding of the water cycle at the Maqu catchment in the YRSR. The raw dataset is freely available at https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z6t-zpn7 (Li et al., 2020a), and the dataset containing the processed ERT, MRS, and TEM data is also available at the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center with the link https://doi.org/10.11888/Hydro.tpdc.271221 (Li et al., 2020b).

中文翻译:

黄河源区玛曲流域水文地质与水文地球物理初探

青藏高原是亚洲大部分主要河流的发源地,被称为亚洲水塔。详细了解其水文地质学对于了解地下水动态至关重要,地下水动态在青藏高原等源头地区起着至关重要的作用。然而,由于其地处偏远,环境恶劣,缺乏实地调查数据来调查其水文地质。在这项研究中,在玛曲境内的玛曲流域进行了钻孔岩心岩性分析、土壤厚度测量、海拔调查、水文地质调查和水文地球物理调查(例如磁共振测深 – MRS、电阻率层析成像 – ERT 和瞬态电磁 – TEM)。黄河源区(YRSR)。水文地质调查显示,地下水自西向东流动,为黄河充电。水力传导率范围为 0.2 至 12.4 m d−1. MRS 探测结果,即含水量和水力传导率,证实在平坦的东部地区存在非承压含水层。根据透射电镜结果,黄河沉积物的深度来自东部平坦地区的几个地方,从 50 到 208 m。土壤厚度测量在流域西部山区进行,水文地球物理和水文地质调查难以进行。结果表明,流域西部山区除谷底外,大部分土壤厚度都在1.2 m以内,且随着坡度的增加,土壤厚度逐渐减小。这些调查数据和结果有助于综合水文建模和水循环分析,以提高对长江流域玛曲流域水循环的全面了解。原始数据集可在以下网址免费获得https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-z6t-zpn7 (Li et al., 2020a),包含处理后的 ERT、MRS 和 TEM 数据的数据集也可在国家青藏高原数据中心通过链接获得https://doi.org/10.11888/Hydro.tpdc.271221(Li等人,2020b)。
更新日期:2021-10-17
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