Developing a durable, lightweight, and robust aerogel with multifunctional characteristics is greatly desirable but remains challenging these days. Herein, an environment-friendly and original nanofibrous aerogel with integrative performance was constructed through the combination of nanofibrous aerogels’ forming technique and post-treatment modification approach. The obtained aerogel has a hierarchical porous structure consisting of flexible polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (PANF), a functional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer, conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and hydrophobic octadecylamine functionalized reduced graphene oxide (ODA-rGO), endowing it with ultralow density (20.54 mg cm⁻³), superior compressibility and recoverability, outstanding fatigue resistance over 1000 cycles. The hydrophobic ODA-rGO coating imparts the hydrophilic PANF/CNT aerogel superhydrophobicity (154°), contributing to a splendid self-cleaning ability. Additionally, the aerogel was capable of realizing excellent oil/water separation performances. Both organic solvents and soybean oil could be adsorbed by the aerogel with high adsorption capacity (36.07 to 65.09 g g⁻¹) and good stable in recycling as a result of its hierarchical porous structure and good hydrophobicity. It was noteworthy that the aerogel composite can be used as a piezoresistive sensor, exhibiting high sensitivity (33 kPa⁻¹ in the range of 0–2 kPa), low detection limit (1% strain), fast response (160 ms), and good durability (over 1000 cycles). Further, it was demonstrated that the composite can be used to monitor various human activities in real time. These advantages make it an excellent candidate for smart garments, high-efficient oil/water separation and human motion detection.

开发一种具有多功能特性的耐用、轻便且坚固的气凝胶是非常理想的，但目前仍然具有挑战性。在此，通过将纳米纤维气凝胶的形成技术和后处理改性方法相结合，构建了一种具有综合性能的环保、原创的纳米纤维气凝胶。获得的气凝胶具有分层多孔结构，由柔性聚丙烯腈纳米纤维 (PANF)、功能性聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 聚合物、导电碳纳米管 (CNT) 和疏水性十八胺功能化还原氧化石墨烯 (ODA-rGO) 组成，使其具有超低密度（20.54 mg cm ^-3)、卓越的压缩性和可恢复性、超过 1000 次循环的出色抗疲劳性。疏水性 ODA-rGO 涂层赋予亲水性 PANF/CNT 气凝胶超疏水性 (154°)，有助于出色的自清洁能力。此外，气凝胶能够实现优异的油/水分离性能。由于其分级多孔结构和良好的疏水性，气凝胶可以吸附有机溶剂和大豆油，具有高吸附容量（36.07至65.09 g g ^-1）和良好的回收稳定性。值得注意的是，气凝胶复合材料可用作压阻传感器，表现出高灵敏度（33 kPa ^-1在 0–2 kPa 范围内）、低检测限（1% 应变）、快速响应（160 ms）和良好的耐用性（超过 1000 次循环）。此外，还证明该复合材料可用于实时监测各种人类活动。这些优势使其成为智能服装、高效油/水分离和人体运动检测的绝佳候选者。