Particulate matter (PM) pollution is one of the major environmental concerns due to its harmful effects on human health. As children are particularly vulnerable to particle exposure, this study integrates the concentration of PM chemical compounds measured in the micro-environments (MEs) where children spend most of their time to assess the daily exposure and inhaled dose. PM samples were analysed for organic and elemental carbon and for major and trace elements. Results showed that the MEs that contribute most to the children's daily exposure (80%) and inhaled dose (65%) were homes and schools. Results indicated that the high contribution of particulate organic matter (POM) indoors indicate high contributions of indoor sources to the organic fraction of the particles. The highest concentrations of PM chemical compounds and the highest Indoor/Outdoor ratios were measured in schools, where the contribution of mineral elements stands out due to the resuspension of dust caused by the students and to the chalk used in blackboards. The contribution of the outdoor particles to inhaled dose (24%) was higher than to the exposure (12%), due to the highest inhalation rates associated with the activities performed outdoor. This study indicates the importance of indoor air quality for the children's exposure and health.

颗粒物 (PM) 污染是主要的环境问题之一，因为它对人类健康产生有害影响。由于儿童特别容易受到颗粒物暴露的影响，本研究整合了在微环境 (MEs) 中测量的 PM 化合物浓度，在该环境中儿童花费大部分时间来评估每日暴露量和吸入剂量。分析了 PM 样品的有机和元素碳以及主要和微量元素。结果表明，对儿童每日暴露量 (80%) 和吸入剂量 (65%) 贡献最大的 ME 是家庭和学校。结果表明，室内颗粒有机物 (POM) 的高贡献表明室内源对颗粒有机部分的高贡献。PM 化合物的最高浓度和最高的室内/室外比率是在学校测量的，其中矿物质元素的贡献因学生引起的灰尘重新悬浮和黑板中使用的粉笔而突出。由于与户外进行的活动相关的吸入率最高，室外颗粒对吸入剂量的贡献 (24%) 高于暴露 (12%)。该研究表明室内空气质量对儿童暴露和健康的重要性。由于与户外活动相关的最高吸入率。该研究表明室内空气质量对儿童暴露和健康的重要性。由于与户外活动相关的最高吸入率。该研究表明室内空气质量对儿童暴露和健康的重要性。