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Energy and environmental issues of seawater reverse osmosis desalination considering boron rejection: A comprehensive review and a case study of exergy analysis
Process Safety and Environmental Protection ( IF 7.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2021.10.014
Noura Najid 1 , Soukaina Fellaou 1 , Sanaa Kouzbour 1 , Bouchaib Gourich 1 , Alejandro Ruiz-García 2
Affiliation  

Recently, the rapid worldwide growth of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination capacity has reignited the boron removal challenge in drinking water. The objective of this review is to discuss the recent advances and patents in boron mitigation strategies in SWRO systems, and to present the energy and environmental concerns of SWRO desalination system with boron rejection. First, the operating parameters of SWRO systems that affect boron removal are presented, before we discuss the reported findings and patents of boron control improvement from the standpoint of membrane materials advancement and from the development of various configurations, such as double pass reverse osmosis and hybrid SWRO processes with other separation technologies like ion exchange (IX), nanofiltration (NF), and electrodeionization (EDI). Thereafter, issues over SWRO desalination’s detrimental environmental impact are reviewed: thus, seawater intake, brine discharge, and energy consumption constitute the main weaknesses. Then, sustainable solutions are proposed to reduce the environmental burdens. As SWRO desalination is an energy intensive process, exergy analysis emerges as a key tool to assess the performance of this process. Therefore, the use of exergy analysis to SWRO desalination in general and, as an example, to a full-scale SWRO desalination plant located in Spain, are discussed. The findings indicate that the SWRO unit is responsible for over 64% of exergy destruction due to the irreversibilities associated with the large pressure drop and the high salinity of the brine.



中文翻译:

考虑硼排斥的海水反渗透淡化的能源和环境问题:综合回顾和火用分析案例研究

最近,全球海水反渗透 (SWRO) 脱盐能力的快速增长重新点燃了饮用水中除硼的挑战。本次审查的目的是讨论 SWRO 系统中硼缓解策略的最新进展和专利,并介绍具有硼排斥作用的 SWRO 海水淡化系统的能源和环境问题。首先,介绍影响硼去除的 SWRO 系统的运行参数,然后我们从膜材料进步的角度和各种配置的开发(如双通道反渗透和混合)讨论硼控制改进的报告发现和专利SWRO 工艺与其他分离技术,如离子交换 (IX)、纳滤 (NF) 和电去离子 (EDI)。此后,回顾了 SWRO 海水淡化对环境的不利影响的问题:因此,海水摄入、盐水排放和能源消耗构成了主要弱点。然后,提出可持续解决方案以减少环境负担。由于 SWRO 海水淡化是一个能源密集型过程,因此火用分析成为评估该过程性能的关键工具。因此,讨论了在一般 SWRO 海水淡化中使用火用分析,并以位于西班牙的全规模 SWRO 海水淡化厂为例进行了讨论。研究结果表明,由于与盐水的大压降和高盐度相关的不可逆性,SWRO 装置对超过 64% 的火用破坏负责。能源消耗是主要弱点。然后,提出可持续解决方案以减少环境负担。由于 SWRO 海水淡化是一个能源密集型过程,因此火用分析成为评估该过程性能的关键工具。因此,讨论了在一般 SWRO 海水淡化中使用火用分析,并以位于西班牙的全规模 SWRO 海水淡化厂为例进行了讨论。研究结果表明,由于与盐水的大压降和高盐度相关的不可逆性,SWRO 装置对超过 64% 的火用破坏负责。能源消耗是主要弱点。然后,提出可持续解决方案以减少环境负担。由于 SWRO 海水淡化是一个能源密集型过程,因此火用分析成为评估该过程性能的关键工具。因此,讨论了在一般 SWRO 海水淡化中使用火用分析,并以位于西班牙的全规模 SWRO 海水淡化厂为例进行了讨论。研究结果表明,由于与盐水的大压降和高盐度相关的不可逆性,SWRO 装置对超过 64% 的火用破坏负责。火用分析成为评估该过程性能的关键工具。因此,讨论了在一般 SWRO 海水淡化中使用火用分析,并以位于西班牙的全规模 SWRO 海水淡化厂为例进行了讨论。研究结果表明,由于与盐水的大压降和高盐度相关的不可逆性,SWRO 装置对超过 64% 的火用破坏负责。火用分析成为评估该过程性能的关键工具。因此,讨论了在一般 SWRO 海水淡化中使用火用分析,并以位于西班牙的全规模 SWRO 海水淡化厂为例进行了讨论。研究结果表明,由于与盐水的大压降和高盐度相关的不可逆性,SWRO 装置对超过 64% 的火用破坏负责。

更新日期:2021-10-30
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