A health gap results from different rates of change for disease trends within a population. There are two ways to reduce such a gap: it could result from a general increase in health, with those faring worse catching up and improving their health faster; or through a widespread decline in health, when the advantaged lose their gains.

中文翻译：

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城乡不平等日益加剧：从内心看缩小差距

健康差距是由于人群中疾病趋势的不同变化率造成的。有两种方法可以缩小这种差距：这可能是由于健康状况的普遍改善，那些情况较差的人会更快地赶上并改善他们的健康状况；或者当优势者失去他们的收益时，健康状况普遍下降。