Mark Greenberg argues that legal obligations are those moral obligations created by the actions of legal institutions in the legally proper way (Moral Impact Theory of Law, MITL). Here I defend three main claims. First, I argue that, although very often misunderstood, Joseph Raz is also a defender of MITL. Secondly, I argue that while both Greenberg and Raz are committed to MITL, they disagree about the conditions under which a moral obligation can be said to be created in the legally proper way. Finally, I argue that Raz’s variant of MITL is better than Greenberg’s. It rests on a more plausible account of authority and it avoids one of the crucial defects threatening Greenberg’s view, namely, its overinclusiveness.

中文翻译：

---

论法律的道德影响理论

马克·格林伯格认为，法律义务是由法律制度以合法方式采取的行动所产生的道德义务（法律道德影响理论，MITL）。在这里，我为三个主要主张辩护。首先，我认为，尽管经常被误解，约瑟夫·拉兹也是 MITL 的捍卫者。其次，我认为，虽然格林伯格和拉兹都致力于 MITL，但他们对于可以说以合法方式产生道德义务的条件存在分歧。最后，我认为 Raz 的 MITL 变体比 Greenberg 的更好。它建立在对权威的更为合理的描述之上，并且避免了威胁格林伯格观点的关键缺陷之一，即其过度包容性。