No-till (NT) is a sustainable option because of its benefits in controlling erosion, saving labor, and mitigating climate change. However, a comprehensive assessment of soil pH response to NT is still lacking. Thus, a global meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of NT on soil pH and to identify the influential factors and possible consequences based on the analysis of 114 publications. When comparing tillage practices, the results indicated an overall significant decrease by 1.33 ± 0.28% in soil pH under NT than that under conventional tillage (p < .05). Soil texture, NT duration, mean annual temperature (MAT), and initial soil pH are the critical factors affecting soil pH under NT. Specifically, with significant variations among subgroups, when compared to conventional tillage, the soil under NT had lower relative changes in soil pH observed on clay loam soil (−2.44%), long-term implementation (−2.11% for more than 15 years), medium MAT (−1.87% in the range of 8–16℃), neutral soil pH (−2.28% for 6.5 < initial soil pH < 7.5), mean annual precipitation (−1.95% in the range of 600–1200 mm), in topsoil layers (−2.03% for 0–20 cm), with crop rotation (−1.98%), N fertilizer input (the same for NT and conventional tillage) of 100–200 kg N ha⁻¹ (−1.83%), or crop residue retention (−1.52%). Changes in organic matter decomposition under undisturbed soil and with crop residue retention might lead to a higher concentration of H⁺ and lower of basic cations (i.e., calcium, magnesium, and potassium), which decrease the soil pH, and consequently, impact nutrient dynamics (i.e., soil phosphorus) in the surface layer under NT. Furthermore, soil acidification may be aggravated by NT within site-specific conditions and improper fertilizer and crop residue management and consequently leading to adverse effects on soil nutrient availability. Thus, there is a need to identify strategies to ameliorate soil acidification under NT to minimize the adverse consequences.

中文翻译：

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土壤pH值对免耕的响应及其影响因素：全球荟萃分析

免耕 (NT) 是一种可持续的选择，因为它有利于控制侵蚀、节省劳动力和减缓气候变化。然而，仍然缺乏对土壤 pH 值对 NT 响应的综合评估。因此，进行了一项全球荟萃分析，以确定 NT 对土壤 pH 值的影响，并根据对 114 份出版物的分析确定影响因素和可能的后果。在比较耕作方式时，结果表明，NT 下土壤 pH 值总体上比常规耕作下显着降低了 1.33 ± 0.28%（p < .05）。土壤质地、NT 持续时间、年平均温度 (MAT) 和初始土壤 pH 值是影响 NT 下土壤 pH 值的关键因素。具体而言，亚组之间存在显着差异，与常规耕作相比，NT 下的土壤在粘壤土上观察到的土壤 pH 值相对变化较低（-2.44%），长期实施（-2.11% 超过 15 年） , 中等 MAT (-1.87% 在 8-16℃ 范围内), 中性土壤 pH (-2.28% for 6.5 < 初始土壤 pH < 7.5), 年平均降水量 (-1.95% 在 600-1200 mm 范围内) , 在表土层（-2.03% 0-20 cm），轮作（-1.98%），氮肥输入（NT 和常规耕作相同）100-200 kg N ha ^-1(-1.83%) 或作物残留物保留 (-1.52%)。在未受干扰的土壤和作物残留物保留下有机质分解的变化可能导致 H ⁺浓度升高和碱性阳离子（即钙、镁和钾）降低，从而降低土壤 pH 值，从而影响养分动态（即土壤磷）在 NT 下的表层。此外，在特定地点和不当的肥料和作物残留管理中，NT 可能会加剧土壤酸化，从而对土壤养分有效性产生不利影响。因此，需要确定改善 NT 下土壤酸化的策略，以尽量减少不利后果。