Understanding long-run patterns in the incarceration of Black Americans requires integrating the study of racial inequality with the study of political economy. I offer a parsimonious framework describing how the Black incarceration rate has been affected by the dynamics of exploitation and exclusion over time and across space. This framework helps to explain otherwise puzzling facts, like why the Black incarceration rate was lower in the South than in the North for much of the 20th century, why it was lowest in the South’s cotton belt, and why it began to tick upward when it did. It also enables us to better understand recent changes in racial and class inequality in incarceration in the United States.

中文翻译：

---

排斥和剥削：美国黑人从奴隶制到现在的监禁

了解美国黑人监禁的长期模式需要将种族不平等研究与政治经济学研究结合起来。我提供了一个简洁的框架，描述了黑人监禁率如何随着时间和空间的推移受到剥削和排斥动态的影响。这个框架有助于解释其他令人费解的事实，例如为什么在 20 世纪的大部分时间里，南方的黑人监禁率低于北方，为什么它在南方的棉花带中最低，以及为什么它开始上升。做过。它还使我们能够更好地了解美国监禁中种族和阶级不平等的最新变化。