The ability of microalgae to grow in a broad spectrum of wastewaters manifests great potentials for removing contaminants from effluents of industries and urban areas. Since the post-treatment microalgae biomass is also a significant source of high-value products, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is an economical and sustainable solution to wastewater management. Adding more value, the integration of microalgae with living/non-living materials looks more promising. Microalgae-based treatment technology has certain limitations like high operational costs, problematic harvesting, large land requirements, and hindrance in photosynthesis due to turbid wastewater. These challenges need to be essentially addressed to achieve enhanced wastewater remediation. This review has highlighted the potential applications of microalgae in contaminant removal from wastewaters, simultaneous resource recovery, efficient microalgae-based hybrid systems along with bottlenecks and prospects. This state-of-the-art article will edify the role of microalgae in wastewater remediation, biomass valorization for bio-based products, and present numerous possibilities in strengthening the circular bioeconomy.

微藻在广泛的废水中生长的能力显示出从工业和城市地区的污水中去除污染物的巨大潜力。由于后处理微藻生物质也是高价值产品的重要来源，基于微藻的废水处理是废水管理的经济且可持续的解决方案。增加更多价值，微藻与生物/非生物材料的整合看起来更有前景。基于微藻的处理技术具有一定的局限性，例如运营成本高、收获困难、土地需求大以及废水混浊会阻碍光合作用。需要从根本上解决这些挑战，以实现增强的废水修复。这篇综述强调了微藻在从废水中去除污染物、同步资源回收、基于微藻的高效混合系统中的潜在应用以及瓶颈和前景。这篇最先进的文章将阐明微藻在废水修复、生物基产品的生物质价值化中的作用，并为加强循环生物经济提供了许多可能性。