This article argues for a Freudian theory of internal emotion, which is best characterised as key “safety valves of the psyche”. After briefly clarifying some of Freud’s metapsychology, I present an account regarding the origin of (self-)censorship and morality as internalised aggression. I then show how this conception expands and can be detailed through a defence of a hydraulic model of the psyche that has specific “safety valves” of disgust, shame, and pity constantly counteracting specific sets of Freudian drives. This model is important for explicating Freud’s crucial concept of sublimation, which continues to have key therapeutic and normative relevance today, which I show through the case of jokes. I finish with the argument that largely happy, productive lives can be seen as in a dynamic between the release of too much (perversion) and too little (neurosis) psychical pressure through these mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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心灵的安全阀：阅读弗洛伊德关于攻击性、道德和内在情绪

本文主张弗洛伊德的内部情绪理论，最好将其描述为关键的“心理安全阀”。在简要澄清了弗洛伊德的一些元心理学之后，我提出了一个关于（自我）审查和道德作为内化侵略的起源的解释。然后，我展示了这个概念如何扩展，并且可以通过对心理水力模型的辩护进行详细说明，该模型具有厌恶、羞耻和怜悯的特定“安全阀”，不断抵消特定的弗洛伊德驱动力。这个模型对于解释弗洛伊德的升华的关键概念很重要，它在今天仍然具有关键的治疗和规范相关性，我通过笑话来展示这一点。我以基本上快乐的论点结束，