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Activities and metabolic versatility of distinct anammox bacteria in a full-scale wastewater treatment system
Water Research ( IF 12.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-14 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117763
Yuchun Yang 1 , Mohammad Azari 2 , Craig W Herbold 3 , Meng Li 4 , Huaihai Chen 1 , Xinghua Ding 5 , Martin Denecke 6 , Ji-Dong Gu 7
Affiliation  

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a key N2-producing process in the global nitrogen cycle. Major progress in understanding the core mechanism of anammox bacteria has been made, but our knowledge of the survival strategies of anammox bacteria in complex ecosystems, such as full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), remains limited. Here, by combining metagenomics with in situ metatranscriptomics, complex anammox-driven nitrogen cycles in an anoxic tank and a granular activated carbon (GAC) biofilm module of a full-scale WWTP treating landfill leachate were constructed. Four distinct anammox metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), representing a new genus named Ca. Loosdrechtii, a new species in Ca. Kuenenia, a new species in Ca. Brocadia, and a new strain in “Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis”, were simultaneously retrieved from the GAC biofilm. Metabolic reconstruction revealed that all anammox organisms highly expressed the core metabolic enzymes and showed a high metabolic versatility. Pathways for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) coupled to volatile fatty acids (VFAs) oxidation likely assist anammox bacteria to survive unfavorable conditions and facilitate switches between lifestyles in oxygen fluctuating environments. The new Ca. Kuenenia species dominated the anammox community of the GAC biofilm, specifically may be enhanced by the uniquely encoded flexible ammonium and iron acquisition strategies. The new Ca. Brocadia species likely has an extensive niche distribution that is simultaneously established in the anoxic tank and the GAC biofilm, the two distinct niches. The highly diverse and impressive metabolic versatility of anammox bacteria revealed in this study advance our understanding of the survival and application of anammox bacteria in the full-scale wastewater treatment system.



中文翻译:

全面污水处理系统中不同厌氧氨氧化细菌的活性和代谢多功能性

厌氧氨氧化 (anammox) 是全球氮循环中产生N 2的关键过程。在理解厌氧氨氧化细菌的核心机制方面取得了重大进展,但我们对复杂生态系统中厌氧氨氧化细菌的生存策略的了解仍然有限,例如全面的污水处理厂 (WWTP)。在这里,通过将宏基因组学与原位宏转录组学相结合,构建了缺氧罐中复杂的厌氧氨氧化驱动的氮循环和全尺寸污水处理厂处理垃圾渗滤液的颗粒活性炭(GAC)生物膜模块。四个不同的厌氧氨氧化宏基因组组装基因组 (MAG),代表一个名为Ca的新属Loosdrechtii,Ca 的一个新物种. Kuenenia,Ca 的一个新种。Brocadia,以及“ Ca ”中的一种新菌株。Kuenenia stuttgartiensis”,同时从 GAC 生物膜中提取。代谢重建表明,所有厌氧氨氧化生物都高度表达核心代谢酶,并表现出高度的代谢多功能性。与挥发性脂肪酸 (VFA) 氧化相结合的异化硝酸盐还原为铵 (DNRA) 的途径可能有助于厌氧氨氧化细菌在不利条件下生存并促进在氧气波动环境中生活方式之间的转换。新的Ca。Kuenenia 物种在 GAC 生物膜的厌氧氨氧化群落中占主导地位,特别是可以通过独特编码的灵活铵和铁获取策略增强。新的Ca. Brocadia 物种可能具有广泛的生态位分布,同时在缺氧罐和 GAC 生物膜中建立,这两个不同的生态位。本研究中揭示的厌氧氨氧化细菌高度多样化和令人印象深刻的代谢多功能性促进了我们对厌氧氨氧化细菌在全面废水处理系统中的生存和应用的理解。

更新日期:2021-10-24
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