There has been increased demand for durable and sustainable construction materials to improve long-term performance of buildings and infrastructure. Polymer modification is a well-known method for improving the properties of construction materials. However, the effectiveness of polymer modification has been limited by the low compatibility between construction materials and polymers, especially polymers from waste plastics and waste rubbers. This paper reviews state-of-the-art studies on compatibilizing polymers via polymer functionalization specifically for thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. This paper further examines the efficacy of functionalization for enhancing the properties of construction materials. There are three conclusions from this review: (1) Functionalization of polymers by adding various functional groups to their surface can improve the compatibility of polymers and construction materials such as bitumen and concrete. (2) The efficacy of functionalization of a polymer is highly dependent on the grafting material, the grafting degree, and the architecture of the polymer's structure after functionalization. (3) The application of properly functionalized polymers in bitumen and concretes improves their mechanical properties. For instance, it was found that proper functionalization of waste plastics and rubbers can facilitate their use leading to a simultaneous solution for enhancing durability and sustainability of the built environment and addressing environmental concerns associated with the accumulation of those wastes in landfills. The study further identifies knowledge gaps pertaining to an in-depth understanding of polymer functionalization specifically tailored to construction materials and the need for associated life-cycle assessments. Addressing these gaps will facilitate the generation of value-added applications for waste polymeric materials to promote resource conservation and sustainability.

对耐用和可持续建筑材料的需求不断增加，以提高建筑物和基础设施的长期性能。聚合物改性是一种众所周知的改善建筑材料性能的方法。然而，聚合物改性的有效性受到建筑材料与聚合物，尤其是来自废塑料和废橡胶的聚合物的低相容性的限制。本文回顾了通过聚合物官能化使聚合物相容的最新研究，专门针对热塑性和热固性聚合物。本文进一步研究了功能化在增强建筑材料性能方面的功效。本次审查得出三个结论：(1)聚合物通过在其表面加入各种官能团进行功能​​化，可以提高聚合物与沥青、混凝土等建筑材料的相容性。(2) 聚合物官能化的效果高度依赖于接枝材料、接枝度和官能化后聚合物结构的结构。(3) 适当官能化的聚合物在沥青和混凝土中的应用提高了它们的机械性能。例如，发现对废塑料和橡胶进行适当的功能化可以促进它们的使用，从而形成一种同时解决方案，以提高建筑环境的耐用性和可持续性，并解决与垃圾填埋场中这些废物积累相关的环境问题。该研究进一步确定了与深入了解专为建筑材料定制的聚合物功能化以及相关生命周期评估需求有关的知识差距。解决这些差距将促进废弃聚合物材料的增值应用，以促进资源保护和可持续性。